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林业资源管理 ›› 2019›› Issue (2): 99-108.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.02.015

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

滇东典型岩溶地区石漠化时空演变特征研究

张蕊娇(), 张超(), 陆双飞, 钟恩主   

  1. 西南林业大学,昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-17 修回日期:2019-04-18 出版日期:2019-04-28 发布日期:2020-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 张超
  • 作者简介:张蕊娇(1993-),女,云南曲靖人,在读硕士,主要从事林业3S技术研究。Email: 1558896340@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31660236);云南省农业基础研究联合专项(2017FG001- 017)

Study on the Space-temporal Evolution Feature of the Rocky Desertification in Typical Karst Area of Eastern Yunnan

ZHANG Ruijiao(), ZHANG Chao(), LU Shuangfei, ZHONG Enzhu   

  1. Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
  • Received:2018-12-17 Revised:2019-04-18 Online:2019-04-28 Published:2020-09-22
  • Contact: ZHANG Chao

摘要:

我国西南地区的石漠化问题是土地退化的三大问题之一,亦是学界长期以来关注的焦点问题。石漠化导致土壤涵养水源能力下降、水资源短缺、土地生产力低下,加快了区域贫困进程。掌握石漠化的分布特征及发展趋势,对于科学认识石漠化及其治理具有重要意义。以师宗县1995,2005,2015年3期遥感影像为基础数据,利用决策树方法提取岩溶地区石漠化分布数据(包括无石漠化、潜在石漠化、轻度石漠化、中度石漠化、强度石漠化和极强度石漠化6个等级),采用石漠化时空动态模型和转移概率矩阵,分析研究区近20年来石漠化在时间和空间2个维度的变化特征。结果表明:1)在时间维度上:潜在石漠化、轻度石漠化和中度石漠化面积大幅减少;无石漠化呈增加趋势;强度石漠化和极强度石漠化面积减少,但变化幅度均较小;潜在石漠化和轻度石漠化动态度变化较为显著;综合石漠化动态度变化呈增大趋势。2)在空间维度上:石漠化发生的严重区域主要分布于龙庆乡、五龙乡、竹基镇等地。这些区域:石漠化空间分布格局特征明显,石漠化分布范围广,等级齐全;中部石漠化集中连片分布等级较弱;西、东部地区中度、强度和极强度石漠化连片分布。

关键词: 石漠化, 时空演变, 动态度, 转移概率矩阵, 岩溶地区

Abstract:

Rocky desertification is one of the three major problems of land degradation in southwest China,and has long been a focus issue in academic circle.Rocky desertification may lead to the decline of water conservation capacity of the top soil,water shortage and low land productivity,which helps to accelerate the process of regional poverty.Thus,the knowledge of its distributive characteristics and development trend is of great significance for our scientific understanding and control work.Based on the data of the remote sensing images in Shizong county in 1995,2005 and 2015 respectively,this paper gives an analysis of the regional space-time change of rocky desertification in the past two decades by using the method of the decision trees to extract the distribution data of rocky desertification (6 grades are included:zero,potential,light,moderate,intensive and high-intensive). The spatial and temporal dynamic model of rocky desertification and the transfer matrix are used.The study results are as follows:(1) On time dimension,there is a great reduction in the potential,light and moderate rocky desertification,also a reduction in the intensive and high-intensive rocky desertification,but in a small range.There are increases both in zero desertification and the dynamic degree of integrated rocky desertification.Besides,a significant change in the dynamic degree of potential and mild rocky desertification can be found.(2) On spatial dimension,the severely-stricken areas of rocky desertification are mainly distributed in the following towns:Longqing,Wulong and Zhuji.As some distinctive features in the spatial distribution pattern,rocky desertification in these regions covers a wide range and complete grades.Meanwhile,in the central part,it shows a weak distribution grade of the linked rocky desertification areas.In the western and eastern parts,it presents a character of continuous distribution in moderate,intensive as well as high-intensive rocky desertification.

Key words: rocky desertification, space-time change, dynamic degree, the transfer matrix, Karst area

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