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林业资源管理 ›› 2020›› Issue (2): 154-160.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.023

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

汶川地震极重灾区森林生态系统损失与恢复评估

朱家彤(), 刘凯(), 汪明, 梁欣   

  1. 1.北京师范大学 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京 100875
    2.北京师范大学 减灾与应急管理研究院 地理科学学部,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-08 修回日期:2020-04-20 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘凯
  • 作者简介:朱家彤(1996-),女,山东青岛人,在读硕士,研究方向:灾害损失评估。Email:201921051202@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目“重大自然灾害评估、救助与恢复重建技术研究与示范”(2017YFC1502901)

An Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Loss and Restoration in the Severely Affected Areas of Wenchuan Earthquake

ZHU Jiatong(), LIU Kai(), WANG Ming, LIANG Xin   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875
    2. Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875
  • Received:2020-01-08 Revised:2020-04-20 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-06-15
  • Contact: LIU Kai

摘要:

2008年汶川8.0级地震对当地的生态系统影响深远。以地震极重灾区平武县洪溪河流域2008—2018年遥感影像为基础数据,结合森林资源分布,对震后10年间灾区森林生态系统服务功能状态进行评估。结果表明:汶川地震对研究区生态环境破坏严重,服务功能价值损失在2008年高达1.81亿;随着森林植被的恢复,除2018年极端降雨导致损失较前1年显著增大外,由滑坡泥石流造成的森林生态系统服务价值损失整体呈现逐年下降趋势;若不加以人工干预,预计研究区每年由滑坡泥石流造成的森林生态系统服务价值损失将保持在5 000万~6 000万元之间;研究区震后10年间,森林生态系统服务价值总损失达12.44亿元,年平均损失约为1.13亿元,其中,保育土壤价值损失和固碳释氧价值损失占75.9%。汶川极重灾区森林生态系统的恢复仍需长期和系统性治理。

关键词: 汶川地震, 森林生态系统, 服务价值损失, 生态恢复, 平武县洪溪河流域

Abstract:

The 2008 Wenchuan M 8.0 earthquake has caused great damage to the local ecosystem.Based on satellite imagery from 2008 to 2018 and forest spatial distribution,this study assesses forest ecosystem services restoration in Hongxi River watershed in Pingwu county which was seriously hit by earthquake.The results show that Wenchuan earthquake has caused serious damage to the ecological environment of the study area and the economic value loss of forest ecosystem services reached 181 million Yuan in 2008.With the forest restoration over the past 10 years,the forest restoration generally shows a positive trend except for 2018 when larger losses were caused by extreme precipitation.The annual economic value loss of forest ecosystem services will remain around 50 to 60 million Yuan without human intervention.The overall economic value loss of forest ecosystem services over past 10 years is 12.44 billion Yuan with an annual average loss of 1.13 billion Yuan,in which the economic value of soil conservation and carbon fixation and oxygen production account for 75.9% in total.The restoration of forest ecosystem still needs long-term and systematic efforts.

Key words: Wenchuan earthquake, forest ecosystems, economic value loss of forest ecosystem services, ecological restoration, Hongxi River Basin in Pingwu county

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