张家界森林旅游景观类型细分与影响机制研究——基于景观意象素描视角

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2021.03.019

林业资源管理 ›› 2021›› Issue (3): 120-128.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2021.03.019

张家界森林旅游景观类型细分与影响机制研究——基于景观意象素描视角

卢畅¹(), 王琛¹, 罗芬¹^,²(), 孔辉³

1.中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙 410004
2.中南林业科技大学旅游学院,长沙 410004
3.北京电子科技职业学院经管学院,北京 100716

收稿日期:2021-04-09 修回日期:2021-05-12 出版日期:2021-06-28 发布日期:2021-08-04
通讯作者: 罗芬
作者简介:卢畅(1995-),女,河北唐山人,硕士,主要研究方向为森林游憩。Email: 2072156481@qq.com
基金资助:
湖南省哲学社会科学基金“湖南旅游企业家精神研究”(19YBA377);湖南省教育厅科学研究课题重点项目“湖南新乡贤参与农村社区治理路径和方式研究”(18A164);湖南省学位与研究生教育改革研究重点项目“旅游类研究生实践创新能力培养的实践与探索”(2019JGZD042)

A Study on the Type Classification and Impact Mechanism of Forest Tourism Landscape in Zhangjiajie —Based on the Perspective of Landscape Image Sketch

LU Chang¹(), WANG Chen¹, LUO Fen¹^,²(), KONG Hui³

1. Forestry College,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China
2. Tourism College,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China
3. Economic Management College,Beijing Polytechnic,Beijing 100176,China

Received:2021-04-09 Revised:2021-05-12 Online:2021-06-28 Published:2021-08-04
Contact: LUO Fen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以中南林业科技大学、中南大学、湖南女子学院的210名大学生为受访对象,以景观意象素描法为研究方法,从语言知识、空间维度、自我定位、社会意义等方面细分张家界森林旅游景观类型,并探析其影响机制。结果表明:张家界森林旅游景观类型可以分为“典型性的峰林景观”“高互动性的游憩景观”“高植被覆盖度的阔叶林景观”和“高美景度的远山景观”等四大类。影响张家界森林旅游景观类型细分的主要因素为受访对象18岁前主要居住地类型、18岁前主要居住地周边的景观类型和游览张家界次数。构建了张家界森林旅游景观类型细分影响机制模型,提出了优化森林旅游产品供给、加强自然教育产品供给、丰富森林旅游景观的内在价值等发展策略。

关键词: 森林旅游景观, 景观类型细分, 景观意象素描法, 张家界

Abstract:

The study interviewed a total of 210 college students from three universities,namely Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology,Central South University and Hunan Women's College,took landscape image sketch as the research method,and subdivided Zhangjiajie forest tourism landscape types from language knowledge,spatial dimension,self orientation and social significance,and analyzed its influence mechanism.The results showed that Zhangjiajie forest tourism landscape can be divided into four categories:typical peak forest landscape,high interactive recreational landscape,high vegetation coverage broad-leaved forest landscape and highly beautiful remote mountain landscape.Further research found that the main factors influencing the classification of forest tourism landscape types in Zhangjiajie were as follows:the main residential types before the age of 18,the landscape types around the main residence before the age of 18 and the number of visits to Zhangjiajie.On this basis,the paper developed the model of the influence mechanism of forest tourism landscape classification in Zhangjiajie,and put forward the development strategies of optimizing the supply of forest tourism products,strengthening the supply of natural education products,enriching the intrinsic value of forest tourism landscape,etc.

Key words: forest tourism landscape, landscape type classification, landscape image sketch method, Zhangjiajie

中图分类号:

S788.2

卢畅, 王琛, 罗芬, 孔辉. 张家界森林旅游景观类型细分与影响机制研究——基于景观意象素描视角[J]. 林业资源管理, 2021,(3): 120-128.

LU Chang, WANG Chen, LUO Fen, KONG Hui. A Study on the Type Classification and Impact Mechanism of Forest Tourism Landscape in Zhangjiajie —Based on the Perspective of Landscape Image Sketch[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2021,(3): 120-128.

图/表 5

图1

表1

表2

张家界森林旅游景观类型细分的Kruskal-Wallis分析

变量		秩均数				显著性
变量		标志性的峰林景观 (n=42, 20%)	高互动性的游憩景观(n=76, 36%)	高植被覆盖度的阔叶林景观(n=39, 19%)	高美景度的远山景观(n=53, 25%)	显著性
语言知识	草本植物	93.50	108.70	104.27	111.33	7.746(0.052)
	生物	73.50	117.71	116.58	105.20	25.192(0.000^***)
	地形	120.00	95.13	98.46	114.06	17.302(0.001^**)
	水	64.50	100.42	110.27	141.76	54.294(0.000^***)
	天空	80.50	111.36	92.62	126.40	21.908(0.000^***)
	亮度	102.50	105.26	105.19	108.44	2.749(0.432)
	路	53.00	145.57	93.38	98.57	88.840(0.000^***)
	人造物体	62.50	138.49	78.65	112.03	71.198(0.000^***)
	人	81.00	134.88	86.38	96.85	55.022(0.000^***)
	针叶林	104.00	106.76	104.00	105.98	2.024(0.567)
	阔叶林	65.50	102.80	167.81	95.22	86.036(0.000^***)
	混交林	93.50	96.26	93.50	137.08	63.336(0.000^***)
	未知	141.00	101.99	78.50	102.27	39.153(0.000^***)
	倒木	105.50	105.50	105.50	105.50	0.000(1.000)
空间维度	近视图	98.50	115.08	98.50	102.46	16.585(0.001^**)
	侧视图	93.50	106.33	71.58	138.78	41.258(0.000^***)
	鸟瞰图	74.00	111.57	160.35	81.41	79.386(0.000^***)
	远视图	133.50	95.54	61.00	130.34	55.598(0.000^***)
自我定位	单一对象	189.50	84.50	84.50	84.50	209.000(0.000^***)
	客观景色	61.00	61.00	166.00	160.06	197.465(0.000^***)
	周围地方	68.00	171.62	68.00	68.00	204.722(0.000^***)
	风景好的地方	105.50	104.38	103.00	108.94	3.757(0.289)
社会意义	森林结构	92.50	92.50	159.81	94.48	117.665(0.000^***)
	生态系统	95.00	95.00	130.00	110.85	38.050(0.000^***)
	风景优美的视野	62.50	91.51	102.88	161.56	96.812(0.000^***)
	游憩空间	67.50	172.50	67.50	67.50	209.000(0.000^***)
	标志性地方	179.50	84.50	84.50	92.42	163.486(0.000^***)
	自然资源	104.50	105.88	104.50	106.48	1.369(0.713)
	生活世界	104.50	107.53	104.69	103.98	1.406(0.704)

表2

表3

表4

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个体特征		典型性的峰林景观		高互动性的游憩景观		高植被覆盖度的阔叶林景观		高美景度的远山景观		X²
性别/%										2.923(0.404)
男		9		20		8		11
女		11		16		10		15
年龄/%										2.013(0.570)
17—18		10		15		10		11
19—22		10		21		9		14
18岁前主要居住地类型/%										93.311(0.000^***)
城市		7		30		0		3
乡村		13		7		18		22
个体特征	典型性的峰林景观		高互动性的游憩景观		高植被覆盖度的阔叶林景观		高美景度的远山景观		X²
18岁前主要居住地周边的景观类型/%									162.441(0.000^***)
平原	5		16		1		2
山地\丘陵	11		4		3		15
海边	2		14		0		2
森林	0		0		13		4
其他	2		1		1		2
游览张家界次数/%									99.746(0.000^***)
0次	11		14		1		4
1次	7		20		3		5
≥2次	2		2		14		17

因素			参照组		典型性的峰林景观				高互动性的游憩景观				高植被覆盖度的阔叶林景观				高美景度的远山景观
因素			参照组		β		OR值		β		OR值		β		OR值		β		OR值
18岁前主要居住地	乡村	城市		0.996		2.708^*		-2.760		0.063^***		2.561		12.946^*		1.181		3.257^*
18岁前主要居住地的景观类型	平原	其他		-3.301		0.037^*		-1.067		0.344		1.359		3.893		0.244		1.277
	山地/丘陵			-2.130		0.119		-4.001		0.018^*		0.472		1.604		2.153		8.613^*
	海滨			-3.459		0.031^*		-0.680		0.507		-0.192		0.825		0.450		1.568
	森林			-22.094		0.000		-3.741		0.024^*		3.297		27.030^***		-0.232		0.793
游览张家界次数	1次	0次		-1.142		0.319^*		2.030		7.611^*		0.338		1.402		-0.278		0.757
游览张家界次数	2次以上			-4.142		0.016^***		-1.532		0.216		1.663		5.275^*		2.002		7.402^*

张家界森林旅游景观类型细分与影响机制研究——基于景观意象素描视角

A Study on the Type Classification and Impact Mechanism of Forest Tourism Landscape in Zhangjiajie —Based on the Perspective of Landscape Image Sketch

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参考文献 28

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评价要素	语言知识
评价因子	针叶林	阔叶林	混交林	未知	倒木	草本植物	生物	地形	水		天空		亮度		路		人造物体		人
百分比/%	1	38	11	26	0	11	30	86	39		40		3		50		41		23
评价要素	空间维度				自我定位				社会意义
评价因子	近视图	侧视图	鸟瞰图	远视图	单一对象	客观景色	周围地方	风景好的地方	森林结构	生态系统		风景美的视野		游憩空间		标志性地方		生活世界		自然资源
百分比/%	7	40	32	42	20	42	36	2	12	10		41		36		20		3		1

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