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林业资源管理 ›› 2022›› Issue (4): 36-44.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.04.006

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

小陇山蒙古栎林群落结构与稳定性评价

蒋孟多1,2(), 马映栋3(), 蒋睿4, 戴小芬1, 刘剑丛1,2, 赵雅玲2   

  1. 1.甘肃省次生林培育重点实验室,甘肃 天水 741020
    2.甘肃省小陇山林业保护中心滩歌林场,甘肃 天水 743300
    3.新疆大学 生态与环境学院,乌鲁木齐 830000
    4.西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院,兰州 730000;
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-07 修回日期:2022-07-25 出版日期:2022-08-28 发布日期:2022-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 马映栋
  • 作者简介:蒋孟多(1973-),男,甘肃通渭人,本科,高级工程师,主要从事森林经营培育与天然林资源保护工程管理。Email: 237333583@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业科技推广项目“小陇山次生林修复”(2021-ZYTG-004);2019年甘肃省次生林培育重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(2019-GCZS-003)

Evaluation on Structure and Stability of Quercus mongolica Forest Community in Xiaolong Mountains

JIANG Mengduo1,2(), MA Yingdong3(), JIANG Rui4, DAI Xiaofen1, LIU Jiancong1,2, ZHAO Yaling2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest Cultivation in Gansu Province,Tianshui,Gansu 741020,China
    2. Tange Forestry Station,Gansu Provincial Xiaolongshan Forestry Protection Center,Tianshui,Gansu 743300,China
    3. College of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830000,China
    4. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-06-07 Revised:2022-07-25 Online:2022-08-28 Published:2022-10-13
  • Contact: MA Yingdong

摘要:

蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林是小陇山北部最具典型的山地次生混交林群落。运用森林结构化经营理论的现代生态学方法,通过设置4块900m2的样地,利用结构参数混交度(M)、角尺度(W)、大小比数(U)和密集度(C)及径阶分布分析蒙古栎林群落结构,用林分最优状态π值法评价群落稳定性,旨在深入认识群落结构特征及其演替趋势,为抚育与保护天然林提供科学依据。结果表明:群落径级结构不属于完整的倒J型,6cm≤DBH≤12cm的中小径木是维持径级结构稳定性的主体。群落混交良好,极强度混交占58.42%,强度混交占36.19%,群落中65.46%的林木处于随机分布状态,但实际未达到真正意义的随机分布,树木不显优势,劣势林木占25.13%,树冠重叠程度较高,密集林木占45.17%。群落未达到最优状态,林分状态最大值为0.66,群落正处于结构简单且不稳定的进展演替阶段。为维持群落健康发展,构建稳定的群落,需对中小径木加强抚育,调控群落空间结构,提高森林质量,降低竞争,以促进蒙古栎林天然更新与恢复。

关键词: 小陇山, 群落, 林木, 分布, 结构, 稳定性

Abstract:

Quercus mongolica forest is the most typical secondary mixed forests in north of Xiaolong Mountains.Modern ecological approaches to forest structured management theory were applied to our study where four sample plots of 900m2 were selected.Based on structural parameters including mixing(M),uniform angle index (W),neighborhood comparison(U),crowding (C)and diameter distribution,the community structure was analysed,and then the community stability was evaluated by π value method for stand optimal state,all of which aimed to understand this succession and structural characteristics of community,and further to provide scientific basis for natural forest cultivation and conservation.The results showed that the diameter class structure proved not to be a sheer inverted J shape,in which medium and small diameter of trees covering 6cm≤DBH≤12cm maintained stability of diameter class structure.The mingling of community was well,with mingling in highest intensity level accounting for 58.42% and that in higher intensity level accounting for 36.19%.65.46% of trees were in randomly distributed level,but they had not reached threshold value yet.Trees in weaker level for neighborhood comparison accounted for 25.13%,of which tree crown overlaped heavily and 45.17% of trees were in dense level for crowding.The community wasn't in optimal state because of maximum value in 0.66,thus the community was in stage of progressive succession.To maintain the development and stability of forest community,it needs to regulate the spatial structure,improve forest quality,and alleviate competition,so as to promote natural regeneration and recovery of mixed forest community.

Key words: Xiaolong Mountains, community, trees, distribution, structure, stability

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