桫椤光合特性和水势对干旱胁迫及复水的响应

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.01.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了弄清木本蕨类植物对干旱胁迫的适应能力,选用3a生桫椤苗,通过盆栽控水对其进行干旱胁迫和复水处理,研究了干旱历时3,6,9,12d和复水历时3,6,9d时桫椤叶片水势和光合作用的变化情况。结果表明,随干旱时间的延长,桫椤叶片水势整体呈升高趋势,净光合速率(P_n)呈下降趋势,胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)呈先降低后升高的趋势,气孔导度(G_s)和蒸腾速率(T_r)呈降低—升高—降低的趋势。干旱初期(6d前),P_n与G_s,C_i变化趋势基本一致,P_n的下降主要由气孔限制引起。而干旱后期(6d后),P_n与G_s,C_i变化趋势不一致,P_n的下降主要由非气孔限制引发。复水后,桫椤叶片P_n和T_r基本恢复到了充分供水时的水平,而水势、G_s和C_i恢复到了充分供水时以上的水平。同时,桫椤叶片水分利用效率(WUE)随干旱时间的延长呈先升高后降低的趋势,在干旱6d后即呈下降趋势,且复水后,桫椤叶片WUE基本恢复到了充分供水时的水平。综合来看,桫椤具有相对较差的干旱耐受能力和相对较强的复水恢复能力。并且,通过干旱胁迫和复水过程光合生理特征的综合分析,初步认为桫椤属于干旱避免型植物。

关键词: 桫椤, 光合作用, 干旱胁迫, 复水, 水分利用效率, 水势

Abstract:

In order to clarify the adaptability of woody ferns to drought stress,3-year-old Alsophila spinulosa seedlings were selected for drought stress and rehydration treatment through potted water control.The changes of water potential and photosynthesis in the leaves of Alsophila spinulosa were studied after 3,6,9,12 days of drought and after 3,6,and 9 days of rehydration.The results showed that with the prolongation of drought time,the water potential of Alsophila spinulosa leaves showed an overall upward trend,the net photosynthetic rate (P_n) showed a downward trend,the inter-CO₂ concentration (C_i) first decreased and then increased,and the stomatal conductance (G_s) and transpiration rate (T_r) showed a trend of decreasing-increasing-decreasing.In the early stage of drought (6 days ago),the change trend of P_n,G_s and C_i was basically the same,and the decrease of P_n was mainly caused by stomatal limitation.In the later period of drought (after 6 days),the change trend of P_n was inconsistent with that of G_s and C_i,and the decrease of P_n was mainly caused by non-stomatal limitation.After rehydration,P_n and T_r of Alsophila spinulosa leaves recovered to the level of adequate water supply,while the water potential,G_s and C_i recovered to the level above that of adequate water supply.At the same time,the water use efficiency (WUE) of Alsophila spinulosa leaves increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of drought time,and showed a downward trend after 6 days of drought.And after rehydration,the WUE basically recovered to the level of adequate water supply.Taken together,Alsophila spinulosa has relatively poor drought tolerance and relatively strong rehydration recovery ability.Through the analysis of the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of drought stress and rehydration process,it is preliminarily considered that Alsophila spinulosa is a drought-avoiding plant.

Key words: Alsophila spinulosa, photosynthesis, drought stress, rehydration, water use efficiency, water potential

中图分类号:

Q945

吕朝燕, 高智席, 徐兴线, 吴焕, 陈兴艳. 桫椤光合特性和水势对干旱胁迫及复水的响应[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023,(1): 51-61.

LV Chaoyan, GAO Zhixi, XU Xingxian, WU Huan, CHEN Xingyan. Responses of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water Potential of Alsophila spinulosa to Drought Stress and Rehydration[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2023,(1): 51-61.

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处理	水势/ MPa	净光合速率/ [μmol CO₂/(m²·s)]	气孔导度/ [mol H₂O/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度/ (μmol CO₂/mol)	蒸腾速率/ [mmol H₂O/(m²·s)]	水分利用效率/ (μmol CO₂/mmol H₂O)
充分供水	-0.9720	0.7423	0.0192	317.6725	0.5528	1.7349
干旱3d	-0.9471	0.6206	0.0160	277.9778	0.4389	1.7809
干旱6d	-0.9674	0.5790	0.0245	261.7283	0.5412	1.3600
干旱9d	-0.9043	0.5284	0.0175	282.6483	0.4631	1.3639
干旱12d	-0.8895	0.4276	0.0130	306.2833	0.4528	1.3395

处理	水势/ MPa	净光合速率/ [μmol CO₂/(m²·s)]	气孔导度/ [mol H₂O/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度/ (μmol CO₂/mol)	蒸腾速率/ [mmol H₂O/(m²·s)]	水分利用效率/ (μmol CO₂/mmol H₂O)
充分供水	-0.9720	0.7423	0.0192	317.6725	0.5528	1.7349
复水3d	-0.9067	0.5887	0.0280	318.2675	0.5560	1.3773
复水6d	-0.9290	0.6562	0.0396	326.3429	0.5946	1.7773
复水9d	-0.9073	0.7062	0.0284	348.1192	0.6477	1.7619