长期排水造林对云贵高原亚热带泥炭藓沼泽土壤理化性质的影响

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.01.010

林业资源管理 ›› 2023›› Issue (1): 80-86.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.01.010

长期排水造林对云贵高原亚热带泥炭藓沼泽土壤理化性质的影响

杨浚恒¹^,²(), 崔海军¹^,²(), 石珣珣¹^,², 郭应³, 张璞韬¹^,², 毕晓婷¹^,²

1.西南林业大学云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室,昆明 650224
2.西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院,昆明 650224
3.盘州市自然资源局,贵州盘州 553537

收稿日期:2022-12-16 修回日期:2023-02-10 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-05-05
通讯作者: 崔海军(1985-),男,河北沧州人,讲师,硕士生导师,主要研究方向为高原湿地生态系统结构与功能和高原湿地保育、恢复与重建。Email:haijun_cui@swfu.edu.cn
作者简介:杨浚恒(1992-),女,云南曲靖人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为高原泥炭沼泽湿地保护与恢复。Email:348742561@qq.com
基金资助:
云南省教育厅项目(2019Y0142);国家自然科学基金(32160272)

Effects of Long-Term Drainage for Afforestation on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Subtropical Sphagnum Mire in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

YANG Junheng¹^,²(), CUI haijun¹^,²(), SHI Xunxun¹^,², GUO Ying³, ZHANG Putao¹^,², BI Xiaoting¹^,²

1. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation,Restoration and Ecological Services,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
2. National Plateau Wetlands Research Center/College of Wetlands,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
3. Natural Resources Bureau of Panzhou city,Panzhou,Guizhou 553537,China

Received:2022-12-16 Revised:2023-02-10 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-05-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究排水造林对亚热带泥炭藓沼泽土壤理化性质的影响,为科学保护与恢复该类型湿地提供理论基础。选择贵州娘娘山湿地天然泥炭藓沼泽为对照样地,选择经立地条件相似的泥炭藓沼泽排水造林20年形成的柳杉林为处理样地,比较二者表层(0~10cm)土壤理化性质的差异。主要结果:1)泥炭藓沼泽土壤总碳含量、总氮含量、pH、碳与磷质量比(C:P)、氮与磷质量比(N:P)、速效钾含量、硝态氮含量、铵态氮含量、土壤质量含水量显著高于柳杉林土壤相应的指标值(P<0.05);泥炭藓沼泽土壤容重显著低于柳杉林土壤容重;2)主成分分析显示,长期营造柳杉林后土壤理化性质总体已发生明显分异;3)土壤总碳含量与总氮含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),且二者与C:P,N:P,速效钾含量、硝态氮含量、质量含水量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与土壤容重呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),C:P,N:P,铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量、速效钾含量两两之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)或显著正相关(P<0.05);土壤质量含水量与容重呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。总之,泥炭藓沼泽长期营造柳杉林后,表层土壤大量有机质发生氧化分解,土壤含水量显著降低,容重显著增加,土壤磷限制缓解,土壤理化性质总体发生明显分异,由泥炭土转变为矿质土。

关键词: 泥炭藓沼泽, 排水造林, 柳杉, 土壤理化性质, 亚热带

Abstract:

The effects of drainage and afforestation on the physical and chemical properties of soil in subtropical Sphagnum mire were explored to provide a theoretical basis for scientific protection and restoration of this type of wetland.Natural Sphagnum mire in Niangniang Mountain wetland,Guizhou was selected as the control site,and Cryptomeria fortunei forest formed by drainage for afforestation in the sphagnum mire with similar site conditions for 20 years was selected as the treatment site,and the differences in the physical and chemical properties of the surface (0~10cm) soil between the two kinds of sites were compared.Main results:1) The total soil carbon content,total nitrogen content,pH,mass ratio of carbon to phosphorus (C:P),mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus (N:P),available potassium content,nitrate nitrogen content,ammonium nitrogen content and soil mass water content of the Sphagnum mire were significantly higher than the corresponding index values of the Cryptomeria fortunei forest (P<0.05).The soil bulk density of Sphagnum mire was significantly lower than that of the Cryptomeria fortunei forest.2) PCA showed that the overall physical and chemical properties of the soil had changed significantly after the long-term afforestation of Cryphieria fortunea forest.3) Total soil carbon content was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen content(P<0.01),and both of them were significantly positively correlated with C:P,N:P,available potassium content,nitrate nitrogen content,mass water content,respectively (P<0.01),and significantly negatively correlated with bulk density(P<0.01).C:P,N:P,ammonium nitrogen content,nitrate nitrogen content and available potassium content were very significantly or significantly positively correlated with each other.Mass water content was negatively correlated with bulk density(P<0.01).In conclusion,after a long-term afforestation of Cryptomeria fortuneana forest in Sphagnum mire,a large amount of organic matter in the surface soil oxidized and decomposed,soil water content decreased significantly,bulk density increased significantly,soil phosphorus limitation was relieved,and the soil physical and chemical properties were significantly different overall,and the peat soil was transformed into mineral soil.

Key words: Sphagnum mire, drainage for afforestation, Cryptomeria fortuneana, soil physicochemical properties, subtropics

中图分类号:

S714
Q148

杨浚恒, 崔海军, 石珣珣, 郭应, 张璞韬, 毕晓婷. 长期排水造林对云贵高原亚热带泥炭藓沼泽土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023,(1): 80-86.

YANG Junheng, CUI haijun, SHI Xunxun, GUO Ying, ZHANG Putao, BI Xiaoting. Effects of Long-Term Drainage for Afforestation on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Subtropical Sphagnum Mire in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2023,(1): 80-86.

图/表 4

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图1

表2

表3

参考文献 23

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指标	NTX			LS
TC/(mg/g)	207.02	±	70.68a	70.64	±	30.99b
TN/(mg/g)	11.57	±	4.64a	4.75	±	2.21b
TP/(mg/g)	1.67	±	0.21a	1.48	±	0.28a
TK/(mg/g)	46.69	±	16.01a	66.74	±	32.67a
pH	4.67	±	0.15a	4.28	±	0.14b
C:N	18.33	±	2.95a	15.41	±	3.34a
C:P	125.08	±	46.91a	47.55	±	19.84b
N:P	6.92	±	2.63a	3.12	±	1.19b
AK/(mg/kg)	272.7	±	112.82a	79.87	±	14.85b
AP/(mg/kg)	4.97	±	4.71a	10.32	±	6.49a
NO₃/(mg/kg)	71.96	±	28.63a	21.21	±	2.63b
NH₄/(mg/kg)	50.60	±	34.88a	13.57	±	9.82b
Wg/%	3169	±	531a	99.33	±	20.45b
VW/(g/cm³)	0.03	±	0.01a	0.68	±	0.14b

指标	PC1	PC2
TC	-1.1408	-0.25611
TN	-1.0546	-0.71972
TP	-0.4022	-1.86579
TK	0.5426	-1.64633
pH	-0.7635	-0.15556
C:N	-0.5102	1.53389
C:P	-1.1168	0.03697
N:P	-1.0879	-0.43768
AK	-1.1171	-0.0412
AP	0.4335	-1.5396
NO₃	-1.1027	-0.14819
NH₄	-0.8913	0.01954
Wg	-1.049	-0.09896
VW	1.0687	-0.28784

指标	TC	TN	TP	TK	pH	C:N	C:P	N:P	AK	AP	NO₃	NH₄	Wg
TN	0.938^**
TP	0.415	0.565
TK	-0.399	-0.286	0.378
pH	0.515	0.461	0.382	-0.063
C:N	0.392	0.086	-0.357	-0.623^*	0.226
C:P	0.976^**	0.866^**	0.233	-0.441	0.458	0.491
N:P	0.963^**	0.972^**	0.396	-0.343	0.437	0.203	0.942^**
AK	0.941^**	0.927^**	0.311	-0.490	0.452	0.306	0.915^**	0.945^**
AP	-0.209	-0.141	0.366	0.625^*	-0.402	-0.373	-0.239	-0.182	-0.379
NO₃	0.916^**	0.850^**	0.269	-0.368	0.529	0.346	0.925^**	0.909^**	0.920^**	-0.218
NH₄	0.774^**	0.580	0.145	-0.234	0.408	0.467	0.828^**	0.678^*	0.674^*	-0.104	0.779^**
Wg	0.796^**	0.760^**	0.459	-0.346	0.834^**	0.356	0.723^*	0.724^*	0.808^**	-0.421	0.802^**	0.525
VW	-0.805^**	-0.716^*	-0.267	0.448	-0.858^**	-0.482	-0.779^**	-0.730^*	-0.787^**	0.509	-0.789^**	-0.608^*	-0.947^**

长期排水造林对云贵高原亚热带泥炭藓沼泽土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Long-Term Drainage for Afforestation on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Subtropical Sphagnum Mire in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

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