栓皮栎人工林土壤有机碳空间分布特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林土壤碳库是全球生态系统碳库的重要组成部分,对人工林土壤有机碳空间分布及其影响因素进行研究,有助于了解人工林土壤碳汇动态变化规律。以河南省国有登封林场栓皮栎人工林为研究对象,采用系统抽样法在林地内设置186个样地(10 m×10 m),应用地统计学方法分析了土壤有机碳空间分布特征,构建并使用结构方程模型识别出土壤有机碳主要影响因素。结果表明,栓皮栎人工林土壤有机碳含量平均值为18.59 g/kg,其空间分布呈斑块状,高低值区分布较为分散;而平均土壤有机碳密度为2.47 kg/m²,其空间分布特征与土壤有机碳含量表现出高度一致性,但整体分布更均匀。相关分析结果表明,土壤有机碳含量和密度与胸径、树高等林分因子,与土壤全氮、土壤速效磷等土壤因子呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);结构方程结果表明,土壤有机碳含量和土壤有机碳密度受土壤化学性质影响均最大,其中土壤全氮的贡献度最高。研究对于揭示人工林土壤碳汇形成机制,制定土壤碳汇调控技术措施有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 栓皮栎, 土壤有机碳, 空间分布, 结构方程模型

Abstract:

Forest soils play an important role in the global carbon cycle,and research on the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon and its influencing factors in plantation forests can help to understand the dynamic changes of soil carbon sink in plantation forests.Taking Quercus variabilis plantation in Dengfeng Forest farm,Henan Province as the research object,186 sample squares(10 m×10 m)were set in the forest by systematic sampling method,and the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon were analyzed by geostatistical methods,and the main factors influencing soil organic carbon were identified by constructing and using structural equation models.The results showed that the average soil organic carbon content of Quercus variabilis plantation was 18.59 g/kg,and its spatial distribution was patchy,with a more dispersed distribution of high and low value areas;while the average soil organic carbon density was 2.47 kg/m²,and its spatial distribution characteristics showed a high consistency with the soil organic carbon content,but the overall distribution was more uniform;the results of correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon content and density were significantly and positively correlated(P<0.05)with stand factors such as diameter at breast height and tree height,and with soil factors such as total soil nitrogen and soil available phosphorus;the results of structural equation showed that both soil organic carbon content and soil organic carbon density were most influenced by soil chemical properties,with the highest contribution of total soil nitrogen.This study can provide some references for revealing the mechanism of soil carbon sink formation in artificial forests and developing technical measures for soil carbon sink regulation.

Key words: Quercus variabilis plantation, soil organic carbon, spatial distribution, structural equation model

中图分类号:

李思颖, 郭昊天, 陈晓蔚, 周梦丽, 靳姗姗, 闫东锋. 栓皮栎人工林土壤有机碳空间分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023,(4): 80-89.

LI Siying, GUO Haotian, CHEN Xiaowei, ZHOU Mengli, JIN Shanshan, YAN Dongfeng. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon in Quercus variabilis Plantation and Its Influencing Factors[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2023,(4): 80-89.

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变量	均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	变异系数/%
海拔/m	623±47.00	518	755	7.54
坡度/(°)	9±10.39	1	46	113.04
郁闭度	0.5±0.11	0.2	0.7	19.81
林龄/a	32±6.46	15	50	20.25
林分密度/(株/hm²)	1 430±275.95	600	2 600	19.30
平均胸径/cm	11.7±2.51	6.4	18.62	21.53
平均树高/m	8.1±2.35	4	15	29.02

因子	平均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	变异系数/%	偏度	峰度
SOC/(g/kg)	18.59±8.19	6.89	78.86	44.05	2.84	16.19
SOCD/(kg/m²)	2.47±1.17	1.09	12.15	47.48	24.96	3.65
STN/(g/kg)	2.15±0.96	0.82	9.34	44.69	24.30	17.52
SAN/(mg/kg)	56.22±51.44	11.78	460.83	90.97	4.46	27.57
SAP/(mg//kg)	1.11±0.11	0.92	1.64	9.70	1.26	3.07
SAK/(mg/kg)	123.33±59.42	50.17	466.57	48.18	2.20	6.78
SWC/%	11.3±2.90	4.90	17.40	25.64	0.01	-0.61
BD/(g/cm³)	1.34±0.17	0.83	1.81	13.06	0.35	0.18
Sa/a	32±6.46	15.00	50.00	20.25	-0.10	-0.23
D/cm	11.66±2.51	6.40	18.62	21.53	0.34	-0.21
H/m	8.11±2.35	4.00	15.00	29.02	0.39	-0.35
SD/(株/hm²)	1 430±275.95	600.00	2 600.00	19.30	0.46	2.98
TDR/%	4.21±1.73	1.14	14.82	41.14	1.74	7.68
TDF/%	4.46±1.53	1.41	15.35	34.21	2.40	13.89
TT/%	8.67±3.11	3.02	30.18	35.85	2.25	12.29

指标	SOC	SOCD	STN	SAN	SAP	SAK	SWC	BD	Sa	D	H	SD	TDR	TDF
SOCD	0.932^**
STN	0.936^**	0.842^**
SAN	0.556^**	0.485^**	0.616^**
SAP	0.226^**	0.144^*	0.283^**	0.199^**
SAK	0.358^**	0.320^**	0.351^**	0.291^**	0.088
SWC	0.216^**	0.048	0.286^**	0.335^**	0.133	0.129
BD	-0.164^*	0.154^*	-0.239^**	-0.265^**	-0.178^*	-0.131	-0.545^**
Sa	0.307^**	0.231^**	0.312^**	0.340^**	0.125	0.111	0.269^**	-0.226^**
D	0.325^**	0.269^**	0.308^**	0.327^**	0.098	0.241^**	0.198^**	-0.158^*	0.695^**
H	0.339^**	0.264^**	0.333^**	0.332^**	0.125	0.254^**	0.219^**	-0.202^**	0.766^**	0.698^**
SD	-0.016	-0.001	0.022	0.020	-0.011	-0.039	0.079	0.054	0.123	0.099	0.060
TDR	-0.055	-0.07	-0.064	-0.066	-0.006	-0.237^**	0.044	-0.108	-0.097	-0.091	-0.151^*	-0.079
TDF	-0.121	-0.115	-0.133	-0.092	-0.01	-0.261^**	-0.052	-0.017	-0.14	-0.092	-0.169^*	-0.113	0.732^**
TT	-0.085	-0.093	-0.095	-0.068	-0.011	-0.251^**	0.012	-0.087	-0.133	-0.104	-0.174^*	-0.102	0.945^**	0.905^**

影响因子	SOC	SOCD
STN	0.97^**	0.94^**
SAK	0.37^**	0.37^**
SAP	0.21^*	0.19^*
SWC	-0.07^**
BD	0.05^**	0.34^**