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林业资源管理 ›› 2023›› Issue (4): 98-106.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.04.012

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南热带雨林国家公园极小种群野生植物坡垒适生群落特征研究

罗文1(), 李艳朋2,3, 许涵2,3(), 秦文豪2,3, 刘大业1, 莫世琴1   

  1. 1.海南热带雨林国家公园管理局尖峰岭分局,海南 乐东 572542
    2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州 510520
    3.海南尖峰岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,广州 510520
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-30 修回日期:2023-06-27 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 许涵(1981-),男,福建莆田人,研究员,博士,主要研究方向:森林生态。Email:hanxu81@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:罗文(1972-),男,海南三亚人,高级工程师,硕士,主要研究方向:森林生态。Email:1103031220@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    海南省自然科学基金项目资助“海南尖峰岭原生坡垒种群分布及伴生群落特征和保护对策研究”(421RC1108);国家自然科学基金委区域创新发展联合基金“基于生物多样性与生态系统功能的受损热带低地雨林的生态恢复机制”(U22A20449);国家科技基础资源调查项目“海南尖峰岭、广东南岭资源环境和生物多样性调查”(2019FY101600)

Characteristics of Suitable Communities of Hopea hainanensis, a Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest

LUO Wen1(), LI Yanpeng2,3, XU Han2,3(), QIN Wenhao2,3, LIU Daye1, MO Shiqin1   

  1. 1. Jianfengling Department of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration,Ledong,Hainan 572542,China
    2. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China
    3. Jianfengling National Key Field Research Station for Tropical Forest Ecosystem in Hainan,Guangzhou 510520,China
  • Received:2023-05-30 Revised:2023-06-27 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-10-16

摘要:

坡垒为国家Ⅰ级重点保护植物,亦属于极小种群野生植物,野外大树稀少且幼树存在增补限制,亟待开展保护研究。为了解坡垒适生群落特征,通过在海南尖峰岭的原始林和次生林中分别设置7个20 m×20 m样地,分析两种生境类型下坡垒群落在物种组成、物种多样性、重要值和生态位宽度等方面的共性和差异。结果表明:1)坡垒适生群落共记录到木本植物294种,隶属75科168属,单种科、寡种科和单种属、寡种属比例大,樟科、壳斗科、茜草科和山矾科为坡垒适生群落的优势科;2)原始林和次生林坡垒适生群落均无明显优势种,但坡垒种群在次生林的功能地位和作用相对较强;3)坡垒在原始林和次生林均表现为较宽的生态位,表明坡垒对资源具有较强的竞争力。坡垒在原始林的生态位宽度较次生林大,其对原始林群落的环境适应能力相对较强,对资源的利用相对较充分。研究为揭示坡垒适生群落的结构及发展趋势提供了基础资料,对极小种群的恢复与保护具有一定指导意义。

关键词: 海南热带雨林国家公园, 坡垒, 数量特征, 物种多样性, 生态位宽度, 演替类型

Abstract:

Hopea hainanensis is a national level Ⅰ key protected wild plant,and it also belongs to a wild plant with extremely small populations.It is urgent to conduct conservation research on Hopea hainanensis populations,because of the few adult trees in the wild and the severe recruitment limitation from seedling to sapling life stage.To understand the characteristics of suitable communities of Hopea hainanensis,7 sample plots of 20 m×20 m were set up in the primary forest and secondary forest in Jianfengling,Hainan.The similarities and differences in species composition,species diversity,importance value and niche width of Hopea hainanensis communities under the two habitat types were analyzed.The results showed that:1)A total of 294 species of woody plants belonging to 75 families and 168 genera were recorded in the suitable communities of Hopea hainanensis,with a large proportion of monotypic families,oligotypic families,monotypic genera and oligotypic genera.Lauraceae,Fagaceae,Rubiaceae and Symplocaceae are the dominant families in the Hopea hainanensis communities.2)There was no obvious dominant species in both the primary forest and the secondary forest,but the functional status of Hopea hainanensis was much stronger in the secondary forest.3)Hopea hainanensis showed a wide niche range in both primary forest and secondary forest,indicating that this species is more competitive for resources.In addition,the larger niche width in primary forest than that in secondary forest indicated that Hopea hainanensis is more adaptable to the environment of primary forest. Our results provide basic data for revealing the structure and development trend of the suitable community on Hopea hainanensis,which is of great significance for the restoration and protection of the wild plant with extremely small populations.

Key words: National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Hopea hainanensis, quantitative characteristics, species diversity, niche breadth, succession type

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