基于野生动物适宜栖息地的保护区网络规划——以秦岭大熊猫保护区为例

林业资源管理 ›› 2011›› Issue (1): 49-54.

基于野生动物适宜栖息地的保护区网络规划——以秦岭大熊猫保护区为例

龚明昊, 高作锋, 侯盟

国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京 100714

收稿日期:2010-09-16 修回日期:2010-10-22 出版日期:2011-02-28 发布日期:2020-12-16
作者简介:龚明昊(1973-),男,重庆黔江人,高工,博士,主要从事野生动物调查、监测和自然保护区科学考察与规划工作。Email:gongmh2005@hotmail.com
基金资助:
世界自然基金会(WWF)资助项目"秦岭、岷山大熊猫栖息地保护GAP分析"(2064)

Planning a Powerful and Efficient Protected Area Network Based on Suitable Habitats—Take the adjusting of giant panda reserves and network inQinling Mountains as an example

GONG Minghao, GAO Zuofeng, HOU Meng

Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning,SFA,Beijing 100714,China

Received:2010-09-16 Revised:2010-10-22 Online:2011-02-28 Published:2020-12-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 不合理规划是我国目前自然保护区面临问题的主要原因,通过对秦岭大熊猫保护区网络内适宜栖息地的评估,发现秦岭大熊猫保护区网络没有基于适宜栖息地的生物边界进行科学规划,导致各保护区内大熊猫的生存环境质量差异巨大,造成目前秦岭大熊猫保护区网络功能不均衡,影响其效率和保护成效。适宜栖息地是保护区境内具有保护贡献的土地,是体现保护区功能的区域,是保护区及网络规划的核心。基于适宜栖息地的保护区网络规划和优化能提高我国保护区及网络的功能和效率,减少保护的土地成本,能有效缓解保护与发展的矛盾。

关键词: 保护区, 网络, 规划, 适宜栖息地, 大熊猫

Abstract: Unscientific planning is the main problem in the process of the construction of nature reserves in China.Through the evaluation on suitable habitats for giant pandas within the reserve network in Qinling Mountains,we found that the current reserve network did not comply with the bio-border of suitable habitats without scientific planning for its establishment,which resulted in the great difference of surviving environmental quality in various giant panda reserves and the imbalance of the functions of the reserve network.Therefore,this decreased the efficiency and conservation achievements.Suitable habitat is the land which contributes to the conservation functions in nature reserves,and it will also conduct the functions of nature reserves.Finally suitable habitats should be the focus when planning of nature reserves and the network is to be done.The planning and adjusting of the reserve and its network based on suitable habitats can improve its functions and efficiency,decrease the land cost of conservation,and effectively alleviate the conflict between conservation and development.

Key words: reserve, network, planning, suitable habitat, giant panda.

中图分类号:

S759.9

龚明昊, 高作锋, 侯盟. 基于野生动物适宜栖息地的保护区网络规划——以秦岭大熊猫保护区为例[J]. 林业资源管理, 2011,(1): 49-54.

GONG Minghao, GAO Zuofeng, HOU Meng. Planning a Powerful and Efficient Protected Area Network Based on Suitable Habitats—Take the adjusting of giant panda reserves and network inQinling Mountains as an example[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2011,(1): 49-54.

参考文献

[1] 傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:1-369.
[2] 王智,蒋明康,秦卫华,等.我国自然保护区的问题分析与对策[J].生态经济,2008(6):144-146.
[3] 杨彪.景观生态学原理与自然保护区设计[J].林业调查规划,2001,26(2):51-53.
[4] 刘亚萍.景观生态学原理和方法在规划设计自然保护区中的应用[J].贵州科学,2005,23(1):62-66.
[5] 黄霞.景观生态学在自然保护区中的应用—以江苏大丰市麇鹿自然保护区规划设计为例[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2006,29(1):31-34.
[6] 国家环境保护部网.2009年自然保护区建设与管理情况[EB/OL].[2010-09-01].http://sts.mep.gov.cn/zrbhq/zrbhqgzjb/201006/t20100604_190513.htm.
[7] 万本太.我国自然保护区事业发展的回顾与展望[J].环境保护,2006(11A):21-26.
[8] 冯达,温亚利.我国自然保护区管理研究综述[J].林业调查规划,2009,34(6):62-65.
[9] 孙儒泳.生态学原理[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,1991.
[10] Thomas M B,Wratten S D,Sotherton N W.Creation of "island" habitats in farmland to manipulate populations of beneficial arthropods predator densities and emigration[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,1991(28):906-918.
[11] Morrison M L,Hall S.Standard terminology:400 toward a common language to advance ecological understanding and applications//Scott J M,Heglund P J,Morrison M L.Symposium on Predicting Species Occurrences:Issues of Scale and Accuracy[C].Covelo,California,USA:Island Press,2002:43-52.
[12] Short H L.Habitat Suitability InDex Models:White-Tailed deer in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Coastal Plains[R].USA:Fish and Wildlife Service National Ecology Center,1986.
[13] Rolof G J,Kernohan B J.Evaluating reliability of habitat suitability index models[J].Wildlife Society Bulletin,1999(27):973-985.
[14] 金龙如,孙克萍,贺红士.生境适宜度指数模型研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2008(27):841-846.
[15] 朱丽娟,刘红玉.挠力河流域丹顶鹤繁殖期生境景观连接度分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2008(24):12-16.
[16] 邬建国.景观生态学—格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:1-285.
[17] Grabaum R,B C Meyer.Multicriteria optimization of landscape using GIS-based functional assessments[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,1998,43(3):21-34.
[18] 国家林业局.自然保护区工程项目建设标准(试行)[S].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.
[19] 国家林业局.自然保护区工程设计规范(LY/T 5126-04)[S].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.
[20] 潘文石,吕植,朱小健,等.继续生存的机会[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001:1-522.
[21] Loucks C J,Lü Z,Dinerstein E,Wang D,et al.The giant pandas of the Qinling mountains,China:a case study in designing conservation landscapes for elevational migrants[J].Conservation Biology,2003(17):558-565.
[22] 孙承骞.陕西省第三次大熊猫综合调查报告[M].西安:西安地图出版社,2007:1-167.
[23] 国家林业局.全国第三次大熊猫调查报告[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:1-355.
[24] Ron S,Jyrki K.Integrating spatial multi-criteria evaluation and expe-knowledge for GIS-based suitability modeling[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2001(55):79-93.
[25] 徐卫华,欧阳志云,李宇,等.基于遥感和GIS 的秦岭山系大熊猫生境评价[J],遥感技术与应用,2006,21(3):238-242.
[26] WWF China.An injured giant panda get rescued in Laoxiancheng reserve of Zhouzhi county,Shanxi province[EB/OL].[2007-12-13] http://www.wwfchina.org/wwfpress/presscenter/pressdetail.shtm?id=605.
[27] WWF China.An one-year-old field giant panda was stucked in rock and get rescued[EB/OL].[2008-07-08].http://www.wwfchina.org/wwfpress/presscenter/pressdetail.shtm?id=682.
[28] 陕西新闻网.周至县民警山路上巧遇大熊猫步履蹒跚疑患病[EB/OL].[2010-0-01].http://shaanxi.cnwest.com/content/2008-03/20/content_1184427.htm.
[29] 人民网.陕西省周至县:抢救骨折大熊猫[EB/OL].http://scitech.people.com.cn/GB/6666272.html.
[30] 新浪网.可可西里藏羚羊恢复至近6万只[EB/OL].[2007-08-23].http://tech.sina.com.cn/d/2007-08-23/09431693669.
shtml.
[31] 王昊,李松岗,潘文石.秦岭大熊猫( Ailuropoda melanoleuca)的种群存活力分析[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2002,38(6):756-761.
[32] Yang Z S,Hu J C,Liu N F.The influence of dispersal on the metapopulation viability of Giant Panda(Aliuropoda melanoleuca)in the Minshan Mountain[J].Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae,2007(2):169-184.
[33] IUCN,the International Union for Conservation of Nature[R].World Conservation Strategy.1980.