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林业资源管理 ›› 2011›› Issue (2): 107-112.

• 国外借签 • 上一篇    

湿地补偿制度:美国的经验及借鉴

邵琛霞   

  1. 上海交通大学 法学院,上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-17 修回日期:2011-03-25 出版日期:2011-04-28 发布日期:2020-12-21
  • 作者简介:邵琛霞(1978-),女,湖北沙市人,在读博士,主要从事环境与资源保护法方面的研究工作。Email:aiaiya@126.com

The Wetlands Compensation System in USA and Its Inspiration

SHAO Chenxia   

  1. College of Law,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,200240,China
  • Received:2011-03-17 Revised:2011-03-25 Online:2011-04-28 Published:2020-12-21

摘要: 美国湿地补偿制度是对开发行为给湿地造成的损害进行补偿的极具特色的制度,其目的是实现美国湿地“零净损”的政策目标,迄今已实施愈三十年。美国湿地补偿制度包括湿地银行补偿、湿地替代费补偿和湿地被许可人自行补偿三种补偿机制。其中,湿地银行补偿是美国政府极为推崇的运用市场手段保护湿地的新机制,在美国发展迅速。美国的湿地补偿制度对我国湿地保护极具借鉴意义,其湿地“补偿”的理念、运用市场手段保护湿地和政府的高效监管机制值得我国借鉴。

关键词: 湿地, 补偿机制, 湿地银行, 替代费

Abstract: There are three distinct mechanisms to compensate unavoidable wetland impacts in USA to satisfy the requirements of rules in order to reach the government’s wetlands “no net loss” goal.Permittee-responsible mitigation,mitigation banking and in-lieu fee mitigation are the three mechanisms.Federal regulations in USA establish a flexible preference for using credits from a mitigation bank over the other compensation mechanisms,which are growing fast in the past 30 years.The wetlands compensation system in USA can give our country great reference for wetland protection,which includes the idea of compensation,using market instrument for protection of wetlands and effective government management mechanism.

Key words: wetland, compensation mechanism, wetland mitigation bank, in-lieu fee mitigation

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