东天山北坡荒漠区15种植物热值特征研究

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

灌木和半灌木是维持干旱和半干旱地区生态系统稳定性的重要植被类型。采集东天山北坡荒漠区的15种优势灌木和半灌木植物茎、枝、叶等器官样品,测定其热值、灰分、碳含量,研究灌木种类、器官、灰分含量和碳含量对灌木热值的影响及其相关性,以期为深入了解干旱地区典型沙漠环境下的物质和能量循环研究提供理论依据。结果表明:1)15种植物全株(地上)热值范围为14.21KJ/g(短叶假木贼)~19.87KJ/g(小檗),平均热值为18.38KJ/g,该值高于全球陆生植物平均热值;2)灌木物种科间热值和碳含量存在差异,豆科和菊科植物相对于蔾属和蓼科植物有更高的热值和碳含量;3)灌木植物茎、枝、叶的热值,灰分含量和碳含量也存在差异,植物各器官热值平均值大小顺序为茎>枝>叶,灰分含量平均值大小顺序为叶>枝>茎,碳含量平均值大小顺序为枝>茎>叶;4)热值与灰分之间呈现极显著负相关(P<0.01),与碳含量呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01)。

关键词: 热值, 灰分含量, 碳含量, 东天山北坡

Abstract:

Shrub and semi-shrub plants are important vegetation type for maintaining ecosystem stability in arid and semiarid zones.In this study,we collected organ samples of stems,branches,and leaves of 15 species of shrubs and semi-shrubs from the desert zone on the north slope of eastern Tianshan Mountain and determined their calorific values,ash contents and carbon contents to explore the effects of shrub species,organs,AC,and CC on the CV of shrubs and their correlations.The related research can provide a theoretical basis for gaining a through understanding of the study of material and energy cycles in typical desert environments in the arid region.The results showed:1)The whole plant CV (above-ground) of the 15 plants ranged from 14.21 KJ/g (Anabasis brevifolia) to 19.87 KJ/g (Berberidaceae),with an average of 18.38 KJ/g,which was higher than of the global average calorific value of terrestrial plants;2) Differences in calorific values and carbon contents existed between families of shrub species.We found that Leguminosae and Compositae had higher calorific values and carbon contents compared to Chenopodiaceae and Polygonaceae species;3)The calorific values,ash contents,carbon contents of the stem,branches,and leaves of the 15 plants differed.The order of the average calorific value of each organ was stem>branch>leaf,the order of the average ash content was leaf>branch>stem,and the order of the average carbon content was branch>stem>leaf;4)Calorific value was negatively correlated with ash content (P<0.01) and was positively correlated with carbon content (P<0.01).

Key words: calorific value, ash content, carbon content, north slope of eastern Tianshan Mountain

中图分类号:

Q948

肖云武, 杨建军, 宋娜娜. 东天山北坡荒漠区15种植物热值特征研究[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023,(1): 42-50.

XIAO Yunwu, YANG Jianjun, SONG Nana. Characterization of Caloric Values in 15 Plant Species in the Desert Zone on the North Slope of Eastern Tianshan Mountain[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2023,(1): 42-50.

图/表 4

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植物及数据类型	茎	枝	叶	全株(地上)
小檗(Berberidaceae)	19.36±0.04 Fc	20.32±0.05 Aa	19.64±0.03 Ab	19.87±0.04 A
白皮锦鸡儿(Caragana leucophloea)	20.12±0.03 Ba	20.19±0.05 Ba	18.40±0.05 Bb	19.82±0.02 A
喀什菊(Kaschgaria komarovii)	20.43±0.04 Aa	19.47±0.05 Cb	16.35±0.05 Dc	19.39±0.04 B
木霸王(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon)	19.84±0.03 Ca	19.52±0.04 Cb	16.12±0.03 Dc	19.35±0.03 B
白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)	19.69±0.01 DEa	19.26±0.04 Db	13.91±0.05 Ic	18.88±0.02 C
合头草(Sympegma regelii)	19.34±0.03 Fa	19.14±0.03 DEb	15.69±0.04 Fc	18.78±0.03 D
琵琶柴(Reaumuria soongorica)	18.82±0.04 Hb	19.51±0.05 Ca	14.25±0.04 Gc	18.70±0.02 D
沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum)	19.04±0.06 Gb	19.51±0.05 Ca	13.30±0.04 Kc	18.56±0.05 E
驼绒藜(Krascheninnikovia ceratoides)	19.77±0.05 CDa	19.42±0.04 Cb	14.11±0.04 Hc	18.54±0.04 E
戈壁藜(Iljinia regelii)	19.64±0.02 Ea	19.10±0.02 Eb	13.68±0.03 Jc	18.51±0.02 E
灌木亚菊(Ajania fruticulosa)	18.31±0.06 Ia	18.46±0.05 Fa	17.12±0.06 Cb	18.22±0.02 F
梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)	19.01±0.04 Ga	18.56±0.04 Fb	12.86±0.04 Lc	17.97±0.01 G
蛇麻黄(Ephedra distachya)	17.28±0.04 Jb	18.30±0.02 Ba		17.91±0.03 G
骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)	17.59±0.04 Ka	17.42±0.02 Gb	16.30±0.03 Dc	17.03±0.02 H
短叶假木贼(Anabasis brevifolia)	16.43±0.04 La	15.90±0.05 Ib	10.67±0.02 Mc	14.21±0.02 I
平均值	18.98	18.94	15.17	18.38

植物及数据类型	茎	枝	叶	全株(地上)
短叶假木贼(Anabasis brevifolia)	10.99±0.36 Ac	19.99±0.10 Ab	28.23±0.14 Ba	20.25±0.10 A
蛇麻黄(Ephedra distachya)	10.43±0.13 Ba	9.97±0.17 Jb		10.14±0.15 B
骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)	6.19±0.06 Cc	6.92±0.19 Db	14.27±0.09 Ha	9.56±0.02 C
灌木亚菊(Ajania fruticulosa)	10.65±0.44 Aa	7.97±0.18 Cc	9.51±0.11 Jb	9.19±0.09 D
戈壁藜(Iljinia regelii)	5.19±0.09 Dc	6.86±0.15 Db	26.81±0.20 Ca	9.19±0.06 D
梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)	3.71±0.16 EFc	6.92±0.20 Db	30.11±0.08 Aa	8.75±0.17 E
合头草(Sympegma regelii)	5.08±0.20 Dc	7.66±0.19 Cb	21.49±0.04 Ea	8.25±0.16 F
沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum)	7.97±0.23 Bb	5.76±0.17 Ec	14.91±0.48 Ha	7.75±0.18 G
白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)	4.09±0.14 Ec	5.40±0.07 Eb	28.84±0.03 Ba	7.29±0.09 H
琵琶柴(Reaumuria soongorica)	4.10±0.11 Ec	6.55±0.08 Db	23.75±0.24 Da	7.10±0.09 H
喀什菊(Kaschgaria komarovii)	3.79±0.05 EFb	3.75±0.10 Fb	17.74±0.13 Ga	5.75±0.05 I
木霸王(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon)	3.42±0.07 Fb	3.94±0.08 Fb	20.38±0.29 Fa	5.17±0.03 J
驼绒藜(Krascheninnikovia ceratoides)	3.39±0.22 EFb	2.38±0.04 Gc	11.08±0.59 Ia	4.61±0.16 K
白皮锦鸡儿(Caragana leucophloea)	2.59±0.05 Gc	3.96±0.16 Fb	7.52±0.01 Ka	4.14±0.06 L
小檗(Berberidaceae)	2.72±0.26 Gb	1.89±0.11 Hc	6.20±0.19 La	2.74±0.17 M
平均值	5.62	6.66	18.63	7.99

植物及数据类型	茎	枝	叶	全株(地上)
小檗(Berberidaceae)	53.89±0.89 Aa	53.34±1.12 Aa	45.70±0.45ABb	52.62±0.30 A
喀什菊(Kaschgaria komarovii)	50.27±0.76BCb	54.42±0.84 Aa	34.39±1.03EFc	50.03±0.70 B
白皮锦鸡儿(Caragana leucophloea)	50.44±0.60BCa	46.65±0.92 CDb	44.03±0.60BCc	47.53±0.73 C
骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)	44.03±0.60 Dc	51.60±0.88ABa	46.97±0.31 Ab	47.32±0.39 C
梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)	51.24±0.74BCa	49.13±0.71BCa	29.22±1.06 Gb	47.30±0.23 C
琵琶柴(Reaumuria soongorica)	48.79±0.28 Ca	48.95±1.08BCa	26.32±0.76 Hb	46.73±0.58 C
木霸王(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon)	50.27±0.49BCa	45.14±1.28 Db	34.54±0.77DEFc	46.40±0.88 C
白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)	48.13±0.45 Ca	46.82±1.29CDa	32.10±1.10 Fb	45.84±0.66 CD
驼绒藜(Krascheninnikovia ceratoides)	45.70±0.20 Db	52.75±1.33 Aa	24.19±0.67HIc	44.71±0.49 DE
沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum)	44.10±1.00 Da	46.31±0.57CDa	37.18±1.16 Db	44.32±0.59 DE
戈壁藜(Iljinia regelii)	49.62±0.87BCa	45.36±1.46 Db	25.75±0.79HIc	44.20±0.19 DE
合头草(Sympegma regelii)	44.10±1.00 Da	45.34±0.50 Da	35.39±0.60DEb	43.41±0.29 E
蛇麻黄(Ephedra distachya)	28.48±0.84 Eb	44.90±0.50ABa		38.57±0.16 F
灌木亚菊(Ajania fruticulosa)	20.35±0.69 Fb	44.55±1.26 Da	41.91±1.47 Ca	35.09±0.54 F
短叶假木贼(Anabasis brevifolia)	27.63±0.70Ea	27.71±0.52Ea	23.26±1.15Ib	26.12±0.57 G
平均值	43.80	46.86	34.35	44.01