施氮与pH处理对尾巨桉-降香黄檀间作体系幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.01.015

林草资源研究 ›› 2024›› Issue (1): 111-124.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.01.015

施氮与pH处理对尾巨桉-降香黄檀间作体系幼苗生长的影响

吴昊¹(), 邓家珍¹, 何雅琴¹, 林铭业¹, 叶绍明¹^,²^,³()

1.广西大学林学院,南宁 530004
2.广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室,南宁 530004
3.广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,南宁 530004

收稿日期:2023-11-22 修回日期:2024-02-02 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2024-03-22
通讯作者: 叶绍明,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:森林可持续经营理论与技术。Email:yshaoming@163.com
作者简介:吴昊,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:森林培育。Email:wu1996558@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“尾巨桉诱导降香黄檀根系结瘤与共生固氮行为机制”(32260382);国家自然科学基金项目“速生桉与降香黄檀种间氮素转移行为及根系互作机制”(31460169);中央财政林业科技推广项目“人工复层林经营技术推广示范”(2022 TG26号)

Effects of Nitrogen and pH Treatment on Seedling Growth of Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis-Dallergia odorifera Intercropping Systems

WU Hao¹(), DENG Jiazhen¹, HE Yaqin¹, LIN Mingye¹, YE Shaoming¹^,²^,³()

1. College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China
2. Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation,Nanning 530004,China
3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Nanning 530004,China

Received:2023-11-22 Revised:2024-02-02 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2024-03-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探讨豆科树种降香黄檀与桉树间作体系下根瘤与幼苗生长生理对不同施氮处理与pH环境的响应,为探索高效生物固氮的桉树人工林可持续经营模式提供科学依据。采用盆栽可控实验模拟尾巨桉-降香黄檀间作体系;采用双因素完全随机区组设计,氮素及pH分别设置N1,N2,N3,N4及pH4.5,pH5.5,pH7.5,pH9.5各4个浓度梯度处理。结果表明:1)在N2与N3施氮处理下,降香黄檀的结瘤能力被显著抑制(P<0.05),而N1处理幼苗根系结瘤能力与对照组(CK)无显著差异,且均在pH7.5处理下根系结瘤能力最强;2)尾巨桉的生物量与光合指标随施氮量的增加而提高。除pH9.5处理外,降香黄檀的生物量与光合指标随施氮量的增加呈现出先增加后减少的趋势;3)施氮后降香黄檀与尾巨桉的叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、硝酸还原酶(NR)含量均有提高,而丙二醛(MDA)含量表现相反趋势;4)除N3处理外,降香黄檀与尾巨桉幼苗在pH5.5处理下的生物量均大于pH4.5和pH9.5处理下的;5)冗余分析的结果表明,间作体系下,降香黄檀的结瘤能力会受到降香黄檀生理状况与尾巨桉生物量的限制。综上,适量氮添加与土壤pH处理调节有益于降香黄檀与尾巨桉幼苗在该体系中的共同发育。

关键词: 尾巨桉, 降香黄檀, 根瘤, 生长生理, 间作

Abstract:

In order to provide a scientific basis for exploring sustainable management of Eucalyptus plantations with high-efficiency biological nitrogen fixation,this study explores the response of root nodules,seedling growth and physiology to different nitrogen application and pH environments under the intercropping system of legume species Dalbergia odorifera and Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis.Adopting controlled pot experiments to simulate the intercropping system of D.odorifera and E.urophylla×E.grandis.The experiment was carried out by using a two-factor complete randomized block design,nitrogen(N)and pH with four concentration gradients were set to control the experiment:N1,N2,N3,N4 and pH4.5,pH5.5,pH7.5 and pH9.5,respectively.The results indicate that:1)Under N2 and N3 treatments,the nodule formation ability of D.odorifera was significantly inhibited(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences between the N1 level and the control group(CK)in root nodule formation ability,and the root nodulation ability was strongest at pH7.5.2)The biomass and photosynthetic indexes of E.urophylla×E.grandis increased with the rise of N application.Except for pH9.5 treatment,those of D.odorifera initially increased but then decreased with increasing N application.3)The content of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and nitrate reductase(NR)of D.odorifera and E.urophylla×E.grandis.leaves were increased with N application,while the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)showed the opposite trend.4)Except for the N3 treatment,the biomass of E.urophylla×E.grandis and D.odorifera seedlings were significantly higher under pH5.5 treatments than that of pH4.5 and pH9.5 treatments.5)The results of redundancy analysis showed that the nodule ability of D.odorifera in the intercropping system was limited by the physiological condition of D.odorifera and biomass of E.urophylla×E.grandis.In conclusion,moderate nitrogen addition and soil pH regulation are beneficial for the mutual development of D.odorifera and E.grandis seedlings in this system.

Key words: Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis, Dalbergia odorifera, root nodule, growth and physiology, intercropping

中图分类号:

吴昊, 邓家珍, 何雅琴, 林铭业, 叶绍明. 施氮与pH处理对尾巨桉-降香黄檀间作体系幼苗生长的影响[J]. 林草资源研究, 2024,(1): 111-124.

WU Hao, DENG Jiazhen, HE Yaqin, LIN Mingye, YE Shaoming. Effects of Nitrogen and pH Treatment on Seedling Growth of Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis-Dallergia odorifera Intercropping Systems[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024,(1): 111-124.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

施氮与不同pH处理下的尾巨桉-降香黄檀幼苗根系指标

不同pH处理	树种	氮素水平	总根长/cm	总根表面积/cm²	总根体积/cm³	平均根直径/mm
pH4.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	154.28±18.33Cc	214.81±42.81Bb	5.02±0.14Bb	0.95±0.12Cb
		N1	270.58±21.89Bb	440.87±18.73Aab	12.95±0.18Aab	2.35±0.08Aab
		N2	398.16±35.64Aa	452.19±32.72Ab	10.71±0.27Ab	2.02±0.44ABc
		N3	343.91±20.61ABab	286.25±87.40ABb	9.66±2.09Aa	1.67±0.23Bab
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	234.40±47.07Bb	251.22±43.45Bb	6.61±0.88Bb	0.87±0.09Ca
		N1	290.22±33.02ABb	381.34±66.48ABb	8.71±0.48Bb	1.03±0.31BCa
		N2	342.38±75.75Ab	378.38±56.26Ab	8.02±1.25Bc	1.79±0.24ABa
		N3	556.59±38.10ABc	445.17±26.24ABc	14.89±0.89Abc	2.12±0.33Aa
pH5.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	309.01±27.12Ba	403.81±42.81Ba	10.52±1.13Aa	1.91±0.22Aa
		N1	308.93±4.04Bab	429.34±76.21Bab	13.83±2.66Aab	2.49±0.57Aab
		N2	520.50±49.45Aa	557.48±24.68ABb	14.99±0.43Aab	2.90±0.03Ab
		N3	386.02±48.61Ba	716.21±122.22Aa	13.87±1.81Aa	2.30±0.19Aa
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	353.43±13.42Ba	402.17±18.65Aa	9.00±0.39Aa	1.02±0.11Aa
		N1	369.21±39.06ABb	404.36±14.47Ab	9.62±0.53Ab	1.18±0.38Aa
		N2	500.77±41.15Aab	417.82±72.48Ab	14.04±0.18Aa	1.95±0.21Aa
		N3	679.98±41.90ABb	635.63±23.12Ab	17.07±0.61Aab	1.68±0.20Aa
pH7.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	270.03±7.95Bab	240.04±1.99Db	7.08±0.23Cb	1.10±0.27Bb
		N1	417.57±58.00ABa	589.33±13.23Ba	16.29±1.74Ba	2.90±0.03Aa
		N2	541.57±66.43Aa	741.51±47.26Aa	21.05±1.77Aa	3.33±0.19Aa
		N3	304.66±31.45Bab	380.69±48.41Cb	9.90±1.36Ca	1.52±0.27Bab
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	307.56±43.82Aab	293.27±57.00Bab	7.59±0.50Bab	1.25±0.31Aa
		N1	488.81±25.08Aa	611.04±62.63Aa	13.65±1.12Ba	1.24±0.05Aa
		N2	548.91±39.15Aa	689.13±83.67Ba	14.68±0.67Aa	1.69±0.20Aa
		N3	832.45±33.25Aa	743.65±43.40Ba	17.98±0.53Aa	1.78±0.50Aa
pH9.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	219.66±16.20Bb	243.14±39.01Bb	6.80±0.47Bab	1.47±0.22Aab
		N1	269.90±26.88Bb	333.77±93.33ABb	9.72±1.24Bb	1.66±0.32Ab
		N2	389.90±29.50Aa	508.11±75.56Ab	16.15±3.37Aab	2.18±0.14Ac
		N3	260.77±21.05Bb	393.18±48.42ABb	8.59±0.88Ba	1.44±0.28Ab
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	227.59±2.98Ab	336.68±13.82Aab	7.59±0.08Cab	1.51±0.30Ba
		N1	323.56±34.24Ab	361.67±34.07Ab	8.62±0.32Cb	0.96±0.10Ba
		N2	389.93±4.76Aab	445.17±26.24Ab	11.22±0.44Ab	2.12±0.33Aa
		N3	422.74±18.96Ad	457.19±13.16Ac	13.40±1.03Bc	1.75±0.13Aa

表1

图5

图6

表2

施氮与不同pH处理下尾巨桉-降香黄檀幼苗叶片生理酶活性

不同pH处理	树种	氮素水平	SOD	CAT	POD	NR
pH4.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	1 180.33±57.57Aa	295.10±43.16Bb	1.31±0.06Ca	0.47±0.02Ab
		N1	1 251.00±31.88Ab	374.83±3.49Bb	1.71±0.07Ba	0.71±0.09Aab
		N2	1 421.33±6.06Bb	401.47±77.62Bb	1.78±0.05ABb	0.72±0.13Aa
		N3	1 638.33±33.49Ab	535.53±38.00Ab	1.93±0.05Ab	0.66±0.11Aa
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	1 145.00±22.00Cd	262.57±8.03Bb	1.25±0.02Ba	0.50±0.00Ba
		N1	1 479.67±28.53Bab	505.10±35.81Aab	1.39±0.04Bc	0.54±0.00Bab
		N2	1 615.33±51.82Aa	541.50±58.65Aab	1.61±0.10Ab	0.72±0.06Aab
		N3	1 565.33±25.96ABb	538.13±28.37Ab	1.75±0.02Ab	0.81±0.18Aa
pH5.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	1 164.67±61.74Da	382.30±43.17Cab	1.47±0.10Ba	0.65±0.06Ba
		N1	1 452.33±21.28Ca	465.97±39.15BCa	1.82±0.08Ba	0.70±0.01Aa
		N2	1 704.33±36.50Ba	512.77±5.46Ba	2.03±0.10Bab	0.87±0.06Aa
		N3	1 886.00±74.84Aa	664.27±31.01Aa	3.14±0.46Aa	0.96±0.03Aa
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	1 316.33±72.17Cb	416.13±49.37Ca	1.34±0.06Ca	0.55±0.01Ba
		N1	1 520.67±6.33Bab	561.77±26.68Ba	1.57±0.01BCb	0.81±0.05Ba
		N2	1 775.67±16.17Aa	659.23±28.29ABa	1.86±0.04Bab	0.87±0.06Aa
		N3	1 768.00±28.10Aa	700.10±51.26Aa	2.54±0.18Aa	0.85±0.04Aa
pH7.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	1 260.67±26.35Da	450.70±12.95Ca	1.54±0.07Ca	0.60±0.02Ba
		N1	1 503.67±27.42Ca	519.57±25.27BCa	1.84±0.06BCa	0.83±0.02Aa
		N2	1 717.67±42.15Ba	582.37±36.43Ba	2.26±0.17Ba	0.91±0.13Aa
		N3	1 911.33±20.54Aa	682.50±9.41Aa	3.51±0.26Aa	0.92±0.03Aa
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	1 430.00±1.00Ca	465.83±8.47Ca	1.23±0.06Ca	0.60±0.06Ba
		N1	1 580.00±64.6BCa	565.97±18.23Ba	1.75±0.08Ba	0.66±0.03ABa
		N2	1 803.00±42.67Aa	651.63±14.64ABb	2.13±0.14ABa	0.72±0.05ABab
		N3	1 722.67±65.28ABa	693.80±53.67Aa	2.55±0.21Aa	0.80±0.03Aa
pH9.5	降香黄檀 D.odorifera	CK	993.33±40.60Cb	333.03±45.54Cab	1.32±0.02Ca	0.46±0.03Bb
		N1	1 290.33±30.51Bb	379.47±16.90BCb	1.66±0.02Ba	0.56±0.03Bb
		N2	1 454.33±53.20Ab	491.73±13.05ABab	1.75±0.04Bb	0.63±0.06Ba
		N3	1 539.33±65.67Ab	565.57±55.72Aab	2.26±0.06Ab	0.83±0.10Aa
	尾巨桉 E.urophylla× E.grandis	CK	1 225.00±7.00Bc	318.27±28.89Cb	1.25±0.01Ba	0.49±0.05Ba
		N1	1 401.67±40.83Ab	444.43±23.55Bb	1.36±0.04Bc	0.53±0.04Bb
		N2	1 371.67±87.25ABb	497.67±31.48ABb	1.69±0.01Ab	0.62±0.05Bb
		N3	1 542.00±29.21Ab	553.10±23.59Ab	1.71±0.06Ab	0.87±0.07Aa

表2

图7

图8

图9

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施氮与pH处理对尾巨桉-降香黄檀间作体系幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and pH Treatment on Seedling Growth of Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis-Dallergia odorifera Intercropping Systems

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