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林业资源管理 ›› 2018›› Issue (2): 58-64.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2018.02.011

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

茂兰喀斯特森林优势灌木种群的生态位研究

秦随涛(), 龙翠玲(), 吴邦利   

  1. 贵州师范大学 地理与环境科学学院,贵阳 550001
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-06 修回日期:2018-04-14 出版日期:2018-04-28 发布日期:2020-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 龙翠玲
  • 作者简介:秦随涛(1994-),男,贵州施秉人,在读硕士,研究方向为环境生态学。Email: 1764993215@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31660107);贵州省自然科学基金项目(黔科合J字〔2012〕2280号)

Study on Niche of Dominant Shrub Populations in Karst Forest in Maolan Nature Reserve,Guizhou Province

QIN Suitao(), LONG Cuiling(), WU Bangli   

  1. School of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China
  • Received:2018-02-06 Revised:2018-04-14 Online:2018-04-28 Published:2020-09-22
  • Contact: LONG Cuiling

摘要:

为了解喀斯特森林灌木种群的生态位特征,以茂兰国家级自然保护区内灌木种群为研究对象,对坡地、槽谷和漏斗3种地形中的植被进行群落学调查,应用生态位宽度、生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠分析了优势灌木种群的生态位特征。结果表明:1)石岩枫和南天竹的生态位宽度较大,其Bi,Ba分别为0.471 9,0.966 0和0.466 3,0.926 1。2)生态位宽度较大的物种之间生态位相似性比例值往往较高,如石岩枫与革叶铁榄、石岩枫与南天竹、南天竹与革叶铁榄的生态位相似性比例值分别为0.966 3,0.902 2和0.868 5;对环境资源的需求有较大相似性的物种,尽管生态位宽度较小,但其生态位相似性比例也会较高,如长梗罗伞和异叶梁王茶的生态位相似性比例值高达0.911 3。3)生态位宽度较大的树种间具有较大的生态位重叠值,如石岩枫、南天竹和革叶铁榄之间的生态位重叠值LihLhi均在0.32以上。研究认为:茂兰喀斯特森林优势灌木种群对环境资源的利用能力较强,但种间差异较大,大部分优势种群的生态位相似性比例值和重叠值较高,种群间竞争较强,研究结果与喀斯特森林生境的复杂性和高度异质性有关。

关键词: 茂兰, 喀斯特森林, 灌木种群, 生态位, 优势种群

Abstract:

To understand the niche characteristics of the shrubs in Karst forest,Based on investigation on the communities,the shrub populations at three sites in Maolan National Natural Reserve were taken as a research object.The niche breadth,niche similarity and niche overlap were used to analyze the niche characteristics of dominant shrub populations.The results showed that:1)niche breadths of Mallotus repandus and Nandina domestica were larger than other species with Levins (Bi) and Hurlberts (Ba) values being 0.471 9 and 0.966 0,0.466 3 and 0.926 1.2)The niche similarity among populations increased with niche breath,as shown between Mallotus repandus and Sinosideroxylon wightianum,Mallotus repandus and Nandina domestica,Nandina domestica and Sinosideroxylon wightianum,similarity values being 0.966 3、0.902 2 and 0.868 5;the demand for environmental resources had a greater similarity of the species,although the niche breadth was smaller,but its niche similarity ratio would be higher,as shown between Brassaiopsis glomerulata and Nothopanax davidii,similarity values being 0.911 3.3)Niche breadth among larger species with large niche overlap value,as shown between Mallotus repandus,Nandina domestica and Sinosideroxylon wightianum,niche overlap values were above 0.32.The study indicates that dominant shrub populations have stronger resource utilization ability in karst forest.The higher niche similarity and niche overlap of most dominant populations show that the interspecific competition is intensive and this may be caused by complexity and high heterogeneity of karst habitat.

Key words: Maolan, rarst forest, shrub population, niche, dominant population

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