中国沙棘早衰人工林不同构件碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

萌蘖更新是树木应对恶劣环境或干扰后恢复的主要方式之一,为了解中国沙棘人工林早衰过程中各构件营养元素分配格局,探讨萌蘖更新子株与早衰母株之间营养元素的相对积累速率,对具有早衰特征的15 a林分不同构件碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)的化学计量特征进行分析。结果表明,1)各构件C,N,P含量分别为255.07~563.68,7.34~24.68,0.23~0.68 mg/g;C∶N,C∶P,N∶P比值为19.63~39.86,648.31~1 188.26,26.88~45.47,在构件之间存在差异。2)母株叶片、水平根、垂直根C的积累速率小于N或P,子株树干C的积累速率大于N和P,水平根N的积累速率大于P。3)在C,N,P含量综合变化过程中,子株树干、子株叶片和垂直根贡献最大,母株叶片和水平根贡献最小。由此可见,中国沙棘C,N,P的积累能力及其化学计量比在构件之间存在差异,子株相对于母株、垂直根相对于水平根的作用更大,母株和水平根碳积累能力及其C与N,C与P比例偏低是早衰人工林的主要营养学特征,即“碳限制”或“碳饥饿”是导致人工林早衰的主要营养学原因。

关键词: 碳氮磷, 生态化学计量特征, 构件差异, 早衰, 中国沙棘人工林

Abstract:

Sprouting regeneration is one of the main ways in which trees recover from harsh environments or disturbances.In order to understand the nutrient allocation pattern of each component of premature aging in Chinese buckthorn plantations,and to explore the relative accumulation rate of nutrients between rejuvenated offspring and aging mother plants.The stoichiometric characteristics of carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)of different components of 15a stands with premature aging characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that:1)The C,N and P content of each components ranged from 255.07~563.68,7.34~24.68 and 0.23~0.68 mg/g,and the C∶N,C∶P and N∶P ratios were 19.63~39.86,648.31~1 188.26 and 26.88~45.47,which differed among the components.2)The accumulation rate of C in the leaves,horizontal roots,and vertical roots of the mother plant was less than that of N or P.The accumulation rate of C in the trunk of the daughter plant was greater than that of N and P,and the accumulation rate of N in the horizontal roots was greater than that of P.3)In the combined change of C,N and P content,trunk of daughter plants,leaves of daughter plants and vertical roots contributed the most,while leaves of mother plants and horizontal roots contributed the least.It follows that:the carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus accumulation capacity of Chinese buckthorn and its stoichiometric ratio differed among the components,with a greater role played by offspring compared to mother plants and vertical roots compared to horizontal roots.The main nutritional characteristics of premature aging plantations are low carbon accumulation capacity and low C∶N and C∶P ratios in mother plant leaves and horizontal roots,which means that "carbon limitation" or "carbon starvation" is the main nutritional reason for premature aging in plantations.

Key words: carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, ecological chemometric characteristics, structure differences, premature decline, Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis plantation forest

中图分类号:

S718.45

李仲牧, 聂恺宏, 田登娟, 刘胜红, 鲁赛, 李根前. 中国沙棘早衰人工林不同构件碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023,(4): 62-70.

LI Zhongmu, NIE Kaihong, TIAN Dengjuan, LIU Shenghong, LU Sai, LI Genqian. Ecological Stoichiometry Characteristics of C,N and P of Different Components in Premature Aging Plantation Forests of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2023,(4): 62-70.

图/表 4

图1

表1

表2

不同构件C N P间的异速生长分析

参数	构件	R²	P	斜率	斜率置信区间		截距	截距置信区间		P_-1_.₀	类型
参数	构件	R²	P	斜率	下限	上限	截距	下限	上限	P_-1_.₀	类型
logC&logN	母株叶片	0.748	0.000	0.777 0	0.549 4	1.098 9	1.625	1.230	2.021	0.139	I
	母株枝条	0.751	0.000	1.115 0	0.789 0	1.574 0	1.287	0.839	1.735	0.507	I
	母株树干	0.907	0.000	0.902 7	0.729 6	1.116 8	0.619	1.429	1.808	0.312	I
	垂直根	0.727	0.000	0.568 6	0.396 5	0.815 3	2.049	1.798	2.299	0.005	A
	水平根	0.673	0.001	0.540 7	0.365 2	0.800 6	2.132	1.864	2.400	0.005	A
	子株叶片	0.795	0.000	0.822 9	0.601 4	1.125 9	1.531	1.171	1.891	0.200	I
	子株枝条	0.776	0.000	0.834 5	0.601 2	1.158 4	1.620	1.314	1.926	0.253	I
	子株树干	0.934	0.000	1.599 0	1.336 0	1.915 0	1.019	0.754	1.285	0.000	A
logC&logP	母株叶片	0.892	0.000	0.770 3	0.612 1	0.969 3	2.826	2.806	2.847	0.030	A
	母株枝条	0.871	0.000	0.888 0	0.691 0	1.141 1	2.992	2.882	3.103	0.320	I
	母株树干	0.679	0.001	0.946 2	0.641 0	1.396 8	3.032	2.819	3.245	0.764	I
	垂直根	0.904	0.000	0.596 7	0.480 7	0.740 7	2.917	2.875	2.958	0.000	A
	水平根	0.686	0.001	0.848 4	0.577 2	1.247 1	3.018	2.930	3.106	0.373	I
	子株叶片	0.926	0.000	0.986 9	0.815 7	1.194 0	2.813	2.783	2.844	0.881	I
	子株枝条	0.890	0.000	0.921 9	0.731 1	1.162 4	2.835	2.764	2.905	0.455	I
	子株树干	0.766	0.000	1.408 0	1.008 0	1.968 0	3.304	3.023	3.584	0.045	A
logN&logP	母株叶片	0.733	0.000	0.991 3	0.694 0	1.416 0	1.546	1.504	1.587	0.959	I
	母株枝条	0.770	0.000	0.796 7	0.571 7	1.110 3	1.530	1.397	1.662	0.162	I
	母株树干	0.618	0.002	1.048 0	0.687 0	1.599 0	1.566	1.309	1.822	0.814	I
	垂直根	0.707	0.001	1.049 0	0.723 0	1.524 0	1.527	1.399	1.655	0.784	I
	水平根	0.799	0.000	1.569 0	1.150 0	2.140 0	1.639	1.509	1.769	0.008	A
	子株叶片	0.689	0.001	1.199 0	0.817 0	1.760 0	1.559	1.483	1.635	0.324	I
	子株枝条	0.634	0.002	1.105 0	0.730 0	1.672 0	1.455	1.301	1.610	0.613	I
	子株树干	0.685	0.001	0.880 6	0.598 8	1.295 1	1.428	1.225	1.632	0.489	I

表2

表3

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构件	含量的变异系数/%				化学计量比的变异系数/%
构件	C	N	P	平均值	C∶N	C∶P	N∶P	平均值
母株叶片	1.17	3.22	2.97	2.45	6.88	5.27	3.64	5.26
母株枝条	2.30	1.51	3.35	2.39	3.89	5.98	4.75	4.87
母株树干	3.50	1.12	2.82	2.48	5.44	2.49	3.73	3.89
垂直根	1.22	5.39	2.98	3.20	9.96	4.77	4.87	6.53
水平根	3.16	4.63	3.01	3.60	10.59	8.24	2.23	7.02
子株叶片	0.50	5.18	2.55	2.74	8.92	3.83	6.79	6.51
子株枝条	0.83	4.62	2.96	2.80	8.39	4.58	5.35	6.11
子株树干	4.05	1.66	3.78	3.16	2.22	6.89	3.77	4.29
平均值	2.09	3.42	3.05	2.85	7.04	5.26	4.39	5.56

指标		主成分		主成分得分			排序
指标		F₁	F₂	F₁	F₂	合计	排序
母株叶片	C	-0.084	0.996	-0.014 6	0.044 6	0.030 1
	N	-0.191	-0.982	0.002 3	-0.041 4	-0.039 1	8
	P	-0.986	-0.165	-0.041 6	0.002 0	-0.039 6
母株枝条	C	0.136	0.991	-0.004 8	0.042 3	0.037 5
	N	-0.977	-0.211	-0.040 7	-0.000 1	-0.040 8	4
	P	0.994	-0.107	0.044 9	-0.014 0	0.030 9
母株树干	C	0.998	0.068	0.043 2	-0.006 4	0.036 8
	N	-0.998	-0.065	-0.043 2	0.006 5	-0.036 7	6
	P	0.905	-0.426	0.044 5	-0.027 3	0.017 2
垂直根	C	0.973	-0.233	0.045 3	-0.019 4	0.025 9
	N	-0.403	0.915	-0.027 7	0.044 1	0.016 3	2
	P	0.660	0.751	0.020 9	0.026 8	0.047 7
水平根	C	0.940	0.342	0.037 6	0.006 2	0.043 8
	N	-0.809	-0.588	-0.029 2	-0.018 3	-0.047 4	7
	P	-0.980	-0.197	-0.041 0	0.000 6	-0.040 4
子株叶片	C	0.255	0.967	0.000 7	0.040 1	0.040 8
	N	-0.938	-0.348	-0.037 5	-0.006 5	-0.043 9	3
	P	0.107	0.994	-0.006 2	0.042 7	0.036 6
子株枝条	C	-0.285	0.958	-0.023 0	0.044 9	0.021 8
	N	-0.593	-0.805	-0.017 3	-0.029 8	-0.047 1	5
	P	0.426	0.905	0.008 9	0.035 8	0.044 7
子株树干	C	0.867	0.498	0.032 7	0.013 7	0.046 5
	N	0.475	0.880	0.011 3	0.034 2	0.045 5	1
	P	0.715	-0.699	0.039 1	-0.037 5	0.001 6
特征值		12.892	11.108
方差贡献率/%		53.715	47.285
累积方差贡献率/%		53.715	100.00