七姊妹山常绿落叶阔叶混交林中典型群落的结构与多样性分析

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2017.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在七姊妹山常绿落叶阔叶混交林典型地段建立固定监测样地,运用生态学常规方法对群落类型、结构及多样性进行研究。研究结果表明:1) 根据种群大小和重要值分析:多脉青冈、翅柃与川陕鹅耳枥3个种群多度值和重要值较大,是群落的标志性物种和优势种。因此七姊妹山常绿落叶阔叶混交林调查样地中类型为:多脉青冈+川陕鹅耳枥-翅柃群落(Cyclobalanopsis multinervis+Carpinus fargesiana-Eurya alata)。2) 年龄结构分析发现多脉青冈、翅柃和川陕鹅耳枥种群以小径阶的幼树(第Ⅰ,Ⅱ径阶)为主,在该群落中自然繁殖更新良好,是典型的增长型种群。3) 从整个群落来看,Shannon-wiener 指数、Pielou 指数和Simpson 指数分析结果显示乔木层群落的多样性、物种的丰富度和均匀度都高于灌木层和草本层。4) 群落中多脉青冈与翅柃种群绝大部分个体占据地上10m以下的空间,川陕鹅耳枥和缺萼枫香种群位于垂直结构中层及上层。该群落中植物种占据了不同层次的空间位置,随着种群的不断生长,成熟的个体逐步利用上层空间。

关键词: 七姊妹山自然保护区, 常绿落叶阔叶混交林, 群落结构, 生物多样性

Abstract:

The permanent monitoring sample plots were established in the typical area of evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Qizimeishan National Nature Reserve.The structure and ecological diversities of this ecosystem were investigated using the conventional methods of community types.The finding results showed that:1)According to the analysis of plant population size and importance values of the community,Cyclobalanopsis multinervis,Eurya alata and Carpinus fargesiana sequenced as the top three of abundance and important values in this community,so these three species were the dominant and symbolic species for this community.The typical type of evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Qizimeishan National Nature Reserve is the Cyclobalanopsis multinervis +Carpinus fargesiana-Eurya alata community.(2)Age structure analysis results presented that the most of the Cyclobalanopsis multinervis,Eurya alata and Carpinus fargesiana were young trees and the most individuals were concentrated in the Ⅰ and Ⅱ diameter classes,and this results suggested the good generation growth,so this population was a typical growing population.(3)The diversity index of Shannon-wiener index,Pielou evenness index and Simpson's diversity Index indicated that the richness and evenness degree of trees’ layer were higher than that in the shrub and grass layers.(4)The most individuals of Cyclobalanopsis multinervis and Eurya alata populations occupied the ecological space below 10 meters,and Carpinus fargesiana and Liquidambar acalycina took up the middle and upper layer space.The plant species occupied different space levels,and the mature individuals would dominate the upper layer space step by step.

Key words: Qizimei Mountains Nature Reserve, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, community structure, biodiversity

中图分类号:

S718.5

郭秋菊, 陈礼波, 艾训儒, 姚兰. 七姊妹山常绿落叶阔叶混交林中典型群落的结构与多样性分析[J]. 林业资源管理, 2017,(1): 91-97.

GUO Qiuju, CHEN Libo, AI Xunru, YAO Lan. The Typical Forest Community Structure and Diversity of Evergreen and Deciduous Broad-leaved Mixed Forest in Qizimeishan National Nature Reserve[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2017,(1): 91-97.

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序号	物种	多度	重要值
1	多脉青冈 Cyclobalanopsis multinervis	1539	0.434
2	川陕鹅耳枥Carpinus fargesiana	967	0.396
3	翅柃Eurya alata	941	0.368
4	交让木Daphniphyllum macropodum	394	0.359
5	尖叶四照花Dendrobenthamia angustata	412	0.359
6	四照花Dendrobenthamia japonica	323	0.331
7	异叶梁王茶Nothopanax davidii	162	0.330
8	缺萼枫香Liquidambar acalycina	272	0.322
9	黄丹木姜子Litsea elongata	245	0.024
10	茶荚蒾Viburnum setigerum	239	0.024

种名	分级
种名	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ	Ⅵ	Ⅶ
多脉青冈	71.13	18.21	5.27	3.45	1.04	0.52	0.39
翅柃	94.94	4.96	0.00	0.11	0.00	0.00	0.00
交让木	88.21	10.85	5.35	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
尖叶四照花	75.43	16.30	5.35	1.46	1.22	0.00	0.24
川陕鹅耳枥	50.54	24.64	9.82	10.00	5.71	1.61	1.43
四照花	73.21	18.69	6.85	0.93	0.31	0.00	0.00
异叶梁王茶	91.98	5.56	1.85	0.62	0.00	0.00	0.00
缺萼枫香	12.36	16.00	16.36	9.82	14.55	11.64	19.27
黄丹木姜子	88.56	11.02	0.42	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
茶荚蒾	99.50	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

群落	树高分级
群落	H1	H2	H3	H4
多脉青冈	91.11	8.41	0.47	0
翅柃	93.6	6.4	0	0
川陕鹅耳枥	45.26	34.53	16.82	3.4
缺萼枫香	14.11	24.26	42.65	18.4