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林业资源管理 ›› 2017›› Issue (2): 81-87.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2017.02.014

• 科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南岛野生茶树空间分布及种群动态研究

李苑菱1,2(), 张丽1,2, 杨小波1,2(), 李东海1,2, 张凯1,2, 吴庭天1,2   

  1. 1. 海南大学 热带农林学院,海口 570228
    2. 热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室,海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-30 修回日期:2017-02-26 出版日期:2017-04-28 发布日期:2020-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 杨小波
  • 作者简介:李苑菱(1992-),女,海南澄迈人,在读硕士,研究方向:植物生态学与植物资源学。Emai: liyuanlinghn@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31460120)

Study on Spatial Distribution and Population Dynamics of Wild Tea in Hainan Island

LI Yuanling1,2(), ZHANG Li1,2, YANG Xiaobo1,2(), LI Donghai1,2, ZHANG Kai1,2, WU Tingtian1,2   

  1. 1. College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China
    2. Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources,Haikou 570228,China
  • Received:2016-11-30 Revised:2017-02-26 Online:2017-04-28 Published:2020-10-10
  • Contact: YANG Xiaobo

摘要:

野生茶树具有很强的环境适应能力,对不良自然环境具有强抗逆性,是栽培茶树品种杂交育种和改良品种的重要基因库。在对海南岛自然分布的野生茶树资源全面开展调查工作的基础上,从种群径级结构、静态生命表、存活曲线等种群特征方面以及野生茶种群空间分布格局与分布特征方面进行分析,结果表明:1) 野生茶树主要分布在五指山市、琼中县、白沙县、乐东县等中西部山区;2) 野生茶树主要分布在坡度为0~30°、海拔为900~1 200 m,以及坡向为半阳坡与半阴坡的区域;3) 野生茶树种群为集群分布,野生茶树种群内幼树、中树居多,大树、老树很少,种群结构表现为稳定型;4) 野生茶树种群死亡率随着径级的增加呈递增趋势,种群生命期望值随着径级增加呈递减趋势,种群存活曲线从整体上看接近Deevey-I型,说明野生茶树种群处于相对稳定的状态,随着种群个体的生长发育,其生存力逐渐下降。因此,在对海南岛野生茶树资源进行开发利用过程中,要加强对野生茶树资源的保护与收集工作,建立起海南岛野生茶树种质资源库。

关键词: 野生茶树, 种群特征, 径级结构, 空间分布格局, 生命表

Abstract:

Wild tea trees have strong environmental adaptability and strong resistance to adverse natural environment.They are the important gene pool of cultivated tea varieties of hybrid breeding and improved varieties.The population diameter structure,static life table and survival curve,as well as the spatial distribution pattern and distribution of wild tea populations are studied and population characteristics based on the investigation of the natural distribution of wild tea plant resources in Hainan Island are analyzed.The results show that:1) Wild tea trees are mainly distributed in the central and western mountains of Wuzhishan city,Qiongzhong county,Baisha county and Ledong county in Hainan;2) Wild tea trees are mainly distributed at the slope range of 0~30°,elevation range of 900~1 200m,slope range for the semi-sunny and semi-shady slope area in Hainan;3) The spatial distribution patterns of wild tea populations is clustered,the wild tea population is of stable type because the young trees and middle aged trees are in the majority,and the big trees and old trees are rare;4) The mortality of wild tea population increased with the increass of diameter,the life expectancy of wild tea population decreases with the increase of diameter,and the population survival curve is close to Deevey-I type,which indicates that the population of wild tea is in a relatively stable state,and the population viability decreases with the growth and development of individual.Therefore,in the development and utilization of wild tea tree resources in Hainan Island,it is necessary to strengthen the protection and collection of wild tea tree resources and establish the wild tea germplasm resource base in Hainan.

Key words: wild tea tree, population characteristics, diameter structure, spatial distribution pattern, life table

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