Abstract:

Realizing the value of forest,grassland and wetland carbon sink products is a crucial means of realizing ecological product value.Accelerating the realization of value in these products not only incentivizes market entities to engage in ecological environment protection but also contributes to social welfare by driving employment and income growth.Furthermore,it enhances the carbon sink function of ecosystems,thereby supporting the achievement of "dual carbon" goals.Under the impetus of national policies related to ecological restoration and the realization of ecological product value,the pathways for realizing the value of forest,grassland and wetland carbon sink products have continuously evolved and developed.Throughout the country,various regions have explored and established a series of distinctive and replicable pathways and models for realizing the value of these products.This paper reviews the main pathways for realizing the value of forest grassland and wetland carbon sink products,including ecological compensation,carbon trading,innovative developments in carbon finance,and social capital participation in carbon sequestration and sink enhancement.By incorporating the latest statistical data and typical case studies,the paper objectively reflects China's research progress in promoting the value realization of forest grassland and wetland carbon sink products.It analyzes the challenges faced in realizing the value of these products and proposes strategies and recommendations to facilitate their value realization.

Key words: forest, grassland and wetland carbon sink products, value realization, ecological compensation, carbon trading, carbon finance