Plant Diversity in Mine Dumps and Its Coupling Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Indices

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lczyyj.2024.04.007

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the coupling relationship between plant diversity and soil physicochemical indices in Manlailiang mining area,Ordos,under different restoration years,with the aim to reveal the interaction between vegetation and soil in ecological restoration,and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing vegetation restoration strategies and evaluating restoration effects.The physical and chemical indexes of vegetation and soil with restoration years ranging from 2 to 12 years were selected as the research objects.Vegetation and soil properties in different parts were investigated by comparing with the original landform,and the interaction and mode of action were revealed by correlation analysis.The results show that:1) A total of 51 species were surveyed in the study area,primarily consisting of Asteraceae,Gramineae and Fabaceae,which accounted for 61% of the total plants.2) Plant diversity exhibited significantly change over time,with the number of species first decreasing and then increasing,Margalef and Shannon-Weiner indices also follow this pattern,initially decreasing and then increasing.Pielou and Simpson indices,however,did not show significant change.3) Moderate to strong correlations were observed between plant diversity index and soil physicochemical index,particularly pH and total phosphorus,which had close correlated with plant diversity.4) During the initial stage of restoration,the coordination degree between plant diversity and soil physical and chemical indices increased,then decreased as restoration years increased,and subsequently increased again.The highest coordination degree was observed after 6 years of restoration.Repair measures have a positive effect on the balanced development of both aspect,but continuous maintenance and optimization are necessary to achieve the best coordination level.

Key words: mine dumps, plant diversity, grey relational analysis, coupling analysis

CLC Number:

TD88

MA Yuan, ZHANG Jingbo, LIN Fangchun, XIN Zhiming, LUO Fengmin, YANG Yaoke, GUO Junting, WANG Jiapeng. Plant Diversity in Mine Dumps and Its Coupling Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Indices[J]. Forest and Grassland Resources Research, 2024, (2): 51-58.

Figures/Tables 7

Tab.1

Tab.2

Tab.3

Vegetation composition of mine dumps

科	占比/ %	种	数量/ 种
菊科 Asteraceae	27	鬼针草Bidens pilosa L.	1
		铁杆蒿Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechm.	2
		阿尔泰狗娃花Aster hispidus Thunb.	3
		大籽蒿Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhart ex Willd.	4
		苦荬菜Ixeris polycephala Cass.ex DC.	5
		五月艾Artemisia indica Willd.	6
		小蓬草Erigeron canadensis L.	7
		苍耳Xanthium strumarium L.	8
		猪毛蒿Artemisia scoparia Waldst.	9
		黄花蒿Artemisia annua L.	10
		冷蒿Artemisia frigida Willd.	11
		油蒿Artemisia ordosica Krasch.	12
		蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.	13
		艾Artemisia argyi H.Lév.& Vaniot	14
禾本科 Gramineae	20	赖草Leymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvelev	1
		巨菌草Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin	2
		披碱草Elymus dahuricus Turcz.	3
		羊草Leymus chinensis	4
		画眉草Eragrostis pilosa(L.)Beauv.	5
		狗尾草Setaria viridis	6
		白茅Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.	7
		碱草Leymus chinensis	8
		白草Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb.	9
		沙生针茅Stipa caucasica subsp.glareosa (P.A.Smirnov)Tzvelev	10
豆科 Fabaceae	14	胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.	1
		砂珍棘豆Oxytropis racemosa Turcz.	2
		南苜蓿Medicago polymorpha L.	3
		砂珍棘豆Oxytropis racemosa Turcz.	4
		长柔毛野豌豆Vicia villosa Roth.	5
		草木樨状黄芪Astragalus melilotoides Pall.	6
		草木樨Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall.	7
苋科 Amaranthaceae	8	灰绿藜Oxybasis glauca (L.) S.Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch	1
		雾冰藜Grubovia dasyphylla	2
		绿穗苋Amaranthus hybridus L.	3
		刺藜Teloxys aristata (L.) Moq.	4
藜科 Chenopodiaceae	2	猪毛菜Kali collinum (Pall.) Akhani & Roalson	1
藜科 Chenopodiaceae	2	藜Chenopodium album L.	2
牻牛儿苗科 Geraniaceae	2	牦牛儿苗Geraniaceae Juss.	1
紫葳科 Bignoniaceae	2	角蒿Incarvillea sinensis Lam.	1
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	2	乳浆大戟Euphorbia esula L.	1
百合科 Liliaceae	2	天门冬Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.	1
旋花科 Convolvulaceae	2	圆叶牵牛Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth	1
蒺藜科 Zygophyllaceae	2	蒺藜Tribulus terrestris L.	1
十字花科 Brassicaceae	2	芸薹Brassica rapa var.oleifera DC.	1
胡颓子科 Elaeagnaceae	2	沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides L.	1
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	2	绢毛委陵菜Potentilla sericea L.	1
石竹科 Caryophyllaceae	2	兴安女娄菜Melandrium brachypetalum	1
唇形科 Lamiaceae	2	香青兰Dracocephalum moldavica L.	1
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	2	鹅绒藤Cynanchum chinense R.Br.	1
车前科 Plantaginaceae	2	柳穿鱼Linaria vulgaris subsp.	1
报春花科 Primulaceae	2	报春花Primula malacoides Franch.	1

Tab.3

Tab.4

Fig.1

Tab.5

Tab.6

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样地编号	主要植物	修复年限/a	株距×行距	株数/株	高度/cm	盖度/%
1	紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa L.	12	0.3 m×0.2 m	51	37±3.62	56
2	黑沙蒿Artemisiaordosica Krasch.	10	0.3 m×0.4 m	29	31±3.34	55
3	紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa L.	8	0.3 m×0.2 m	53	46±3.31	60
4	紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa L.	6	0.3 m×0.2 m	48	36±4.15	55
5	巨菌草Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin	4	0.6 m×0.6 m	27	163±4.47	45
6	沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides L.	2	2.0 m×2.0 m	14	69±4.23	65
7	原始地貌					15

等级	耦合度	协调度
1	[0,0.10)	极度失调
2	[0.10,0.20)	严重失调
3	[0.20,0.30)	中度失调
4	[0.30,0.40)	轻度失调
5	[0.40,0.50)	濒临失调
6	[0.50,0.60)	勉强协调
7	[0.60,0.70)	初级协调
8	[0.70,0.80)	中级协调
9	[0.80,0.90)	良好协调
10	[0.90,1.00]	优质协调

修复年限/ a	物种总数/ 种	植物及重要值
修复年限/ a	物种总数/ 种	1	2	3	4	5
12	22	碱草 0.317 6	雾冰藜 0.278 2	白草 0.264 9	羊草 0.255 4	阿尔泰狗娃花 0.214 4
10	24	猪毛菜 0.415 9	雾冰藜 0.215 3	草木樨 0.196 4	草木樨状黄芪 0.180 8	赖草 0.111 7
8	15	赖草 0.548 9	雾冰藜 0.315 1	阿尔泰狗娃花 0.275 5	牻牛儿苗 0.266 4	羊草 0.175 7
6	11	白茅 0.850 4	猪毛蒿 0.594 7	狗尾草 0.271 4	黄花蒿 0.252 2	阿尔泰狗娃花 0.133 9
4	9	白茅 0.726 1	猪毛蒿 0.548 1	狗尾草 0.342 7	碱草 0.242 1	猪毛菜 0.178 6
2	16	碱草 0.589 0	猪毛蒿 0.454 5	苦荬菜 0.232 0	蒺藜 0.209 9	狗尾草 0.152 6
原始地貌	15	雾冰藜 0.409 4	猪毛菜 0.344 2	狗尾草 0.203 2	画眉草 0.135 0	牻牛儿苗 0.112 2

土壤理化指标	Margalef 指数	Pielou 指数	Simpson 指数	Shannon-Wiener 指数
pH	0.871	0.912	0.914	0.876
电导率	0.847	0.811	0.820	0.848
有机质	0.857	0.903	0.892	0.877
碱解氮	0.763	0.747	0.755	0.747
速效磷	0.786	0.854	0.846	0.788
速效钾	0.640	0.659	0.664	0.638
全钾	0.791	0.795	0.784	0.796
全磷	0.848	0.962	0.955	0.883

修复年限/a	耦合度	协调度
12	0.76	中级协调
10	0.67	初级协调
8	0.54	勉强协调
6	0.79	中级协调
4	0.74	中级协调
2	0.52	勉强协调
原始地貌	0.33	轻度失调