FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT ›› 2023›› Issue (2): 138-146.doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.02.019
• Research Briefing • Previous Articles
PENG Zexi(), LUO Hang, LI Xiaoying(), XU Yanhong, YIN Wuyuan, ZHU Hongqin, CHEN Yuqiang, CHEN Xiaoqin
Received:
2023-03-08
Revised:
2023-04-24
Online:
2023-04-28
Published:
2023-06-26
CLC Number:
PENG Zexi, LUO Hang, LI Xiaoying, XU Yanhong, YIN Wuyuan, ZHU Hongqin, CHEN Yuqiang, CHEN Xiaoqin. Species Diversity and Its Associated Factors of Castanopsis orthacantha Community in Central Yunnan[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2023, (2): 138-146.
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URL: https://www.lyzygl.com.cn/EN/10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.02.019
Tab.1
Basic situation of Castanopsis orthacantha community plots
样地号 | 郁闭度 | 平均高/ m | 平均胸径/ cm | 株数密度/ (株/hm2) | 海拔/ m | 坡度/ (°) | 坡向 | 干扰强度 | 调查区 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.80 | 12.2 | 15.5 | 2867 | 2405 | 20 | 西北 | 中 | 玉溪市磨盘山国家级森林公园(I) |
2 | 0.75 | 13.3 | 17.4 | 2022 | 2369 | 10 | 西北 | 中 | |
3 | 0.85 | 15.4 | 16.1 | 3017 | 2343 | 28 | 东南 | 中 | |
4 | 0.80 | 17.3 | 17.9 | 1911 | 2107 | 35 | 东南 | 中 | 玉溪市山后茶厂自然保护区(II) |
5 | 0.80 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 2478 | 2065 | 26 | 西北 | 大 | |
6 | 0.90 | 11.4 | 16.9 | 1467 | 2180 | 24 | 东北 | 小 | |
7 | 0.80 | 13.4 | 15.3 | 1833 | 2155 | 18 | 西南 | 小 | |
8 | 0.90 | 12.6 | 13.7 | 2100 | 2294 | 15 | 东北 | 大 | 昆明市国营西山林场(III) |
9 | 0.85 | 12.6 | 13.9 | 2183 | 2319 | 16 | 西 | 小 | |
10 | 0.90 | 14.8 | 16.8 | 1333 | 2175 | 34 | 北 | 小 | |
11 | 0.90 | 11.5 | 17.1 | 1689 | 2383 | 40 | 西南 | 小 | 楚雄彝族自治州哀牢山 国家级自然保护区(IV) |
12 | 0.85 | 12.3 | 20.7 | 1122 | 2423 | 45 | 南 | 小 | |
13 | 0.95 | 16.5 | 54.8 | 244 | 2665 | 5 | 东南 | 小 | |
14 | 0.95 | 9.5 | 15.0 | 3444 | 2558 | 15 | 北 | 小 | |
15 | 0.95 | 13.2 | 24.9 | 1133 | 2405 | 36 | 西 | 小 |
Tab.2
Number of families,genera and species of Castanopsis orthacantha community (including 5 or more families)
序号 | 科名 | 属数 | 种数 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 7 | 14 |
2 | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 5 | 12 |
3 | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 3 | 11 |
4 | 山茶科Theaceae | 6 | 10 |
5 | 樟科Lauraceae | 3 | 8 |
6 | 菊科Compositae | 5 | 6 |
7 | 木兰科Magnoliaceae | 4 | 5 |
8 | 虎耳草科Saxifragaceae | 4 | 5 |
9 | 荨麻科Urticaceae | 4 | 5 |
总计 | 其他科(66个科) | 100 | 126 |
75 | 141 | 202 |
Tab.3
Major species composition of the Castanopsis orthacantha community (species with importance values≥5%)
调查区 | 层次 | 物种 | 科名 | 重要值/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | 乔木层 | 元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 45.7 |
光叶石栎Lithocarpus mairei | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 27.3 | ||
乌饭树Vaccinium bracteatum | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 9.9 | ||
马缨花Rhododendron delavayi | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 6.6 | ||
灌木层(含更新层) | 乌饭树Vaccinium bracteatum | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 16.5 | |
菝葜Smilax china | 菝葜科Smilacaceae | 13.3 | ||
少枝玉山竹Yushania pauciramificans | 禾本科Gramineae | 11.1 | ||
蒙自连蕊茶Camellia forrestii | 山茶科Theaceae | 8.5 | ||
川滇小檗Berberis jamesiana | 小檗科Berberidaceae | 8.4 | ||
光叶石栎Lithocarpus mairei | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 8.3 | ||
桂叶素馨Jasminum laurifolium | 木犀科Oleaceae | 7.1 | ||
元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 6.4 | ||
草本层 | 沿阶草Ophiopogon bodinieri | 百合科Liliaceae | 62.8 | |
荩草Arthraxon hispidus | 禾本科Gramineae | 17.6 | ||
二型鳞毛蕨Dryopteris cochleata | 鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae | 16.3 | ||
II | 乔木层 | 元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 49.2 |
尖齿石笔木Tutcheria acutiserrata | 山茶科Theaceae | 12.9 | ||
白穗石栎Lithocarpus craibianus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 10.5 | ||
银木荷Schima argentea | 山茶科Theaceae | 7.0 | ||
灌木层(含更新层) | 少枝玉山竹Yushania pauciramificans | 禾本科Gramineae | 11.5 | |
尖齿石笔木Tutcheria acutiserrata | 山茶科Theaceae | 10.9 | ||
厚皮香Ternstroemia gymnanthera | 山茶科Theaceae | 9.9 | ||
亮毛杜鹃Rhododendron microphyton | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 8.9 | ||
菝葜Smilax china | 菝葜科Smilacaceae | 8.7 | ||
乌饭树Vaccinium bracteatum | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 8.2 | ||
白穗石栎Lithocarpus craibianus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 7.2 | ||
元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 6.7 | ||
银木荷Schima argentea | 山茶科Theaceae | 6.4 | ||
草本层 | 二型鳞毛蕨Dryopteris cochleata | 鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae | 45.5 | |
棕鳞瓦韦Lepisorus scolopendrum | 水龙骨科Polypodiaceae | 26.6 | ||
沿阶草Ophiopogon bodinieri | 百合科Liliaceae | 14.8 | ||
III | 乔木层 | 元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 78.8 |
云南油杉Keteleeria evelyniana | 松科Pinaceae | 9.2 | ||
白穗石栎Lithocarpus craibianus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 5.1 | ||
灌木层(含更新层) | 少枝玉山竹Yushania pauciramificans | 禾本科Gramineae | 19.4 | |
云南含笑Michelia yunnanensis | 木兰科Magnoliaceae | 12.8 | ||
元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 9.3 | ||
细齿叶柃Eurya nitida | 山茶科Theaceae | 7.8 | ||
菝葜Smilax china | 菝葜科Smilacaceae | 7.2 | ||
白穗石栎Lithocarpus craibianus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 6.8 | ||
白背叶下花Ainsliaea pertyoides | 菊科Compositae | 6.2 | ||
亮毛杜鹃Rhododendron microphyton | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 5.1 | ||
草本层 | 井栏边草Pteris multifida | 凤尾蕨科Pteridaceae | 38.0 | |
二型鳞毛蕨Dryopteris cochleata | 鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae | 19.9 | ||
沿阶草Ophiopogon bodinieri | 百合科Liliaceae | 9.3 | ||
千里光Senecio scandens | 菊科Compositae | 8.8 | ||
小木通Clematis armandii | 毛茛科Ranunculaceae | 6.0 | ||
IV | 乔木层 | 元江栲Castanopsis orthacantha | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 30.8 |
南洋木荷Schima noronhae | 山茶科Theaceae | 9.8 | ||
变色栲Castanopsis rufescens | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 6.8 | ||
红花木莲Manglietia insignis | 木兰科Magnoliaceae | 6.3 | ||
白穗石栎Lithocarpus craibianus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 5.9 | ||
木果石栎Lithocarpus xylocarpus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 6.0 | ||
截头石栎Lithocarpus truncatus | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 5.1 | ||
灌木层 (含更新层) | 乌饭树Vaccinium bracteatum | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 8.2 | |
厚皮香Ternstroemia gymnanthera | 山茶科Theaceae | 8.1 | ||
无量山箭竹Fargesia wuliangshanensis | 禾本科Gramineae | 8.1 | ||
蒙自连蕊茶Camellia forrestii | 山茶科Theaceae | 8.0 | ||
菝葜Smilax china | 菝葜科Smilacaceae | 7.4 | ||
少枝玉山竹Yushania pauciramificans | 禾本科Gramineae | 7.1 | ||
粗叶悬钩子Rubus alceaefolius | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 6.0 | ||
草本层 | 疣果冷水花Pilea verrucosa | 荨麻科Urticaceae | 9.0 | |
日本蛇根草Ophiorrhiza japonica | 茜草科Rubiaceae | 5.8 | ||
沿阶草Ophiopogon bodinieri | 百合科Liliaceae | 5.5 | ||
红纹凤仙花Impatiens rubro-striata | 凤仙花科Balsaminaceae | 5.5 | ||
四回毛枝蕨Leptorumohra quadripinnata | 鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae | 5.0 |
Tab.4
Species diversity index and difference test in different survey areas
层次 | 物种多样性指数 | 调查区 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | II | III | IV | ||
乔木层 | Margalef丰富度指数 | 1.145±0.41bc | 1.752±0.07b | 0.571±0.19c | 2.748±0.24a |
Shannon-Weiner多样性指数 | 1.285±0.21b | 1.512±0.04b | 0.321±0.15c | 2.062±0.07a | |
Pielou均匀度指数 | 0.723±0.07a | 0.657±0.02a | 0.231±0.10b | 0.801±0.04a | |
灌木层 | Margalef丰富度指数 | 2.438±0.31b | 2.503±0.14b | 2.301±0.49b | 4.043±0.52a |
Shannon-Weiner多样性指数 | 2.104±0.12a | 2.245±0.08a | 1.951±0.12a | 2.286±0.19a | |
Pielou均匀度指数 | 0.790±0.02ab | 0.807±0.03a | 0.754±0.03ab | 0.706±0.03b | |
草本层 | Margalef丰富度指数 | 0.640±0.15b | 0.777±0.26b | 1.395±0.07b | 3.001±0.37a |
Shannon-Weiner多样性指数 | 0.686±0.15c | 0.730±0.19c | 1.416±0.09b | 2.273±0.14a | |
Pielou均匀度指数 | 0.817±0.08a | 0.738±0.08a | 0.710±0.03a | 0.795±0.04a |
Tab.5
Calculation results of species diversity comprehensive index
调查区 | 样地号 | Margalef丰富度指数 | Shannon-Weiner多样性指数 | Pielou均匀度指数 | 综合 指数 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
乔木层 | 灌木层 | 草本层 | 乔木层 | 灌木层 | 草本层 | 乔木层 | 灌木层 | 草本层 | |||||
I | 1 | 0.36 | 1.904 | 0.402 | 0.885 | 1.874 | 0.451 | 0.805 | 0.782 | 0.650 | 0.313 | ||
2 | 1.345 | 2.988 | 0.607 | 1.610 | 2.211 | 0.970 | 0.774 | 0.765 | 0.883 | 0.527 | |||
3 | 1.731 | 2.423 | 0.910 | 1.361 | 2.228 | 0.637 | 0.591 | 0.823 | 0.918 | 0.542 | |||
II | 4 | 1.748 | 2.44 | 0.525 | 1.437 | 2.033 | 0.628 | 0.624 | 0.733 | 0.571 | 0.319 | ||
5 | 1.664 | 2.151 | 0.481 | 1.447 | 2.209 | 0.562 | 0.628 | 0.837 | 0.811 | 0.494 | |||
6 | 1.638 | 2.637 | 0.558 | 1.548 | 2.408 | 0.451 | 0.704 | 0.850 | 0.650 | 0.476 | |||
7 | 1.959 | 2.785 | 1.542 | 1.614 | 2.328 | 1.277 | 0.673 | 0.806 | 0.921 | 0.625 | |||
III | 8 | 0.207 | 1.638 | 1.534 | 0.046 | 1.726 | 1.458 | 0.067 | 0.785 | 0.749 | 0.299 | ||
9 | 0.820 | 2.010 | 1.347 | 0.338 | 1.985 | 1.247 | 0.210 | 0.774 | 0.641 | 0.303 | |||
10 | 0.685 | 3.255 | 1.305 | 0.579 | 2.143 | 1.542 | 0.417 | 0.704 | 0.741 | 0.375 | |||
IV | 11 | 3.583 | 4.775 | 3.138 | 2.190 | 2.331 | 1.983 | 0.744 | 0.679 | 0.662 | 0.632 | ||
12 | 2.600 | 3.457 | 3.391 | 2.180 | 2.423 | 2.591 | 0.850 | 0.773 | 0.880 | 0.792 | |||
13 | 2.912 | 2.296 | 2.300 | 2.138 | 1.627 | 2.071 | 0.928 | 0.616 | 0.765 | 0.495 | |||
14 | 2.266 | 5.220 | 4.106 | 1.939 | 2.821 | 2.653 | 0.735 | 0.781 | 0.805 | 0.832 | |||
15 | 2.378 | 4.466 | 2.071 | 1.861 | 2.226 | 2.068 | 0.749 | 0.683 | 0.862 | 0.629 | |||
平均值 | 1.726 | 2.963 | 1.615 | 1.141 | 2.171 | 1.372 | 0.633 | 0.759 | 0.767 | 0.510 | |||
变异性 | 0.281 | 0.304 | 0.315 | 0.313 | 0.249 | 0.346 | 0.273 | 0.278 | 0.323 | ||||
冲突性 | 4.468 | 4.308 | 4.658 | 4.163 | 4.678 | 5.163 | 5.361 | 9.687 | 6.062 | ||||
信息量 | 1.257 | 1.308 | 1.469 | 1.302 | 1.165 | 1.788 | 1.464 | 2.692 | 1.959 | ||||
权重/% | 8.7 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 8.1 | 12.4 | 10.2 | 18.7 | 13.6 |
Tab.6
Correlation coefficient and correlation degree between species diversity and various factors
样地号 | 海拔/m | 坡度/(°) | 坡向 | 平均胸径/cm | 株数密度/(株/hm2) | 干扰强度 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.692 | 0.636 | 0.623 | 0.838 | 0.517 | 0.830 |
2 | 0.992 | 0.651 | 0.865 | 0.878 | 0.986 | 0.812 |
3 | 0.951 | 0.765 | 0.778 | 0.805 | 0.651 | 0.792 |
4 | 0.772 | 0.871 | 0.855 | 0.761 | 0.720 | 0.838 |
5 | 0.927 | 0.828 | 0.816 | 0.817 | 0.748 | 0.626 |
6 | 1.000 | 0.813 | 0.693 | 0.944 | 0.850 | 0.771 |
7 | 0.762 | 0.934 | 0.731 | 0.685 | 0.778 | 0.996 |
8 | 0.702 | 0.497 | 0.786 | 0.890 | 0.651 | 0.842 |
9 | 0.701 | 0.628 | 0.831 | 0.888 | 0.636 | 0.602 |
10 | 0.827 | 0.970 | 0.527 | 0.881 | 0.963 | 0.663 |
11 | 0.818 | 0.524 | 0.527 | 0.727 | 0.725 | 0.982 |
12 | 0.650 | 0.446 | 0.848 | 0.661 | 0.492 | 0.739 |
13 | 0.845 | 0.624 | 0.842 | 0.335 | 0.527 | 0.795 |
14 | 0.641 | 0.615 | 0.953 | 0.523 | 0.858 | 0.696 |
15 | 0.829 | 0.526 | 0.681 | 0.952 | 0.594 | 0.988 |
关联度 | 0.807 | 0.689 | 0.757 | 0.772 | 0.713 | 0.798 |
排名 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
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