Problem Research on the Management System of Wetland Protection in China

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2017.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

The wetland protection and management system is not suitable in our country.It constraints the wetland legal norm system constructing and stunts the efficiency of the wetland protection.For boosting wetland protection and management development in our country,the article analyzes the present situation of the wetland management,and points out the main problems in the process of wetland protection and management,which include,responsibilitis and rights are not unified,there exists a lack of coordination mechanism,the responsibility of the management is difficult to be implemented,and supervised and accountability mechanism is not sound,and some other conflicts. The article proposes establishment of the local government responsibility system for wetland protection and management,constructing the local government coordination mechanism,exploring comprehensive law enforcement for wetland protection and management and establishing the supervision of the wetland protection management and responsibility mechanism of policy recommendations in order to provide references for the relevant management departments.

Key words: wetland, management system, problem research

CLC Number:

F316.2

YU Tao. Problem Research on the Management System of Wetland Protection in China[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2017, (4): 7-12.

Figures/Tables 2

Fig.1

Tab.1

The State Council determined wetland management responsibility list of the relevant departments

机构名称	职责
国家林业局	组织开展湿地的调查、动态监测和评估,并统一发布相关信息;组织、协调、指导和监督全国湿地保护工作。拟订全国性、区域性湿地保护规划,拟订湿地保护的有关国家标准和规定,组织实施建立湿地保护小区、湿地公园等保护管理工作,监督湿地的合理利用;依法指导湿地类型自然保护区的建设和管理;监督检查各产业对湿地资源的开发利用。
环境保护部	统筹协调国家重点流域、区域、海域污染防治工作;指导、协调、监督生态保护工作。拟订生态保护规划,组织评估生态环境质量状况,监督对生态环境有影响的自然资源开发利用活动、重要生态环境建设和生态破坏恢复工作。指导、协调、监督各种类型的自然保护区、风景名胜区、森林公园的环境保护工作,协调和监督野生动植物保护、湿地环境保护工作。
农业部	指导农用地、渔业水域、草原、宜农滩涂、宜农湿地以及农业生物物种资源的保护和管理,负责水生野生动植物保护工作。
国土资源部	承担保护与合理利用土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源等自然资源的责任;指导未利用土地开发、土地整理、土地复垦和耕地开发的监督工作。组织实施土地用途管制、农用地转用和土地征收征用,承担报国务院审批的各类用地的审核、报批工作。
水利部	保障水资源合理利用,组织编制国家确定的重要江河湖泊流域的综合规划、防洪规划等重要规划;负责生态环境用水的保障;负责水资源保护工作;指导水域及其岸线的管理与保护,指导大江、大河、大湖及河口、海岸滩涂的治理和开发等相应管理职能。
国家海洋局	《国务院关于部委管理的国家局设置的通知》(国发〔2013〕15号)明确,国家海洋局负责组织拟订并监督实施海洋生态环境保护等规划;按规定权限调查处理海洋环境污染事故;负责组织编制并监督实施海洋功能区划,组织拟订并监督实施海域使用管理制度,组织开展海岸线和沿海省际间海域界线勘定工作;组织拟订海洋生态环境保护标准、规范和污染物排海总量控制制度并监督实施等管理职责。

Tab.1

[1]	国家林业局. 中国湿地资源简况——第二次全国湿地资源调查[J]. 湿地科学与管理, 2014,(1):65.
[2]	崔丽娟, 张骁栋, 张曼胤. 中国湿地保护与管理的任务与展望——对《湿地保护修复制度方案》的解读[J]. 环境科学, 2017(4):15.
[3]	钟华友. 论我国湿地保护管理体制的立法完善[J]. 环境保护, 2015(10):47.
[4]	潘佳, 汪劲. 中国湿地保护立法的现状、问题与完善对策[J]. 资源科学, 2017(4):798.
[5]	李习文. 黑龙江省湿地管理体制的“乱象”及法律对策[D]. 哈尔滨:黑龙江大学, 2016: 3.
[6]	范伟, 邓擘. 我国地方性湿地保护立法的现状反思与完善路径[J]. 华北电力大学学报:社会科学版, 2017(2):14.
[7]	张明祥. 新形势下我国的湿地生物多样性保护对策[J]. 环境保护, 2017(4):24.

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