Investigation and Analysis of Birds and Beasts in Liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve,Hebei Province

doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.05.024

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years,as a new monitoring method,infrared camera technology has been used in animal monitoring in China.From 1 October 2017 to 30 September 2018,69 infrared cameras were set up in the Liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve,Hebei province,to continuously monitor the mammals and the bird resources under the forest.The results showed that:1)cameras worked 26 860 effective working days,and 10 403 valid photos were obtained.A total of 5 orders,8 families,12 species of mammals and 7 orders,16 families,33 species of birds were identified.2)which 6 species are State Key Protected Animals in Class-II,namely species-Chinese Goral(Naemorhedus griseus),Koklass Pheasant(Pucrasia macrolopha),Goshawk(Accipiter gentilis),Peregrine Falcon(Falco peregrinus),Eurasian Hobby(Falco subbuteo)and Tawny Owl(Strix aluco),the relative abundance of rock squirrels(Sciurotamias davidianus),Hog Badger(Arctonyx collaris)and Asian Badger(Meles leucurus)was the highest.3)based on the analysis of the annual daily activity rhythm of the rock squirrels and Koklass Pheasant of the common mammals and birds,it was found that the annual diurnal activity curve of the rock squirrels is unimodal,and the activity is more frequent in summer and autumn.The annual daily activity rhythm of the Koklass Pheasant is mostly concentrated in the daytime,which is a diurnal animal.It is more frequent in spring and summer.4)in different seasons,the number of species(12 and 33)and shannon-weiner index(2.38 and 4.18)of mammals and birds were highest in autumn.

Key words: infrared camera, birds and beasts, biodiversity, daily activity rhythm, liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve

CLC Number:

S759.9

WANG Penghua, FAN Jungong, CHEN Xiangyang, ZHANG Kan, LIN Qingqian, HOU Jianhua. Investigation and Analysis of Birds and Beasts in Liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve,Hebei Province[J]. FOREST RESOURCES WANAGEMENT, 2019, (5): 157-165.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1

Tab.1

Records of mammals and birds by infrared camera in Liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve,Hebei Province

物种	相机位点	独立有效照片	相对丰富度	保护级别	区系关系
兽类 Mammals
一、劳亚食虫目Eulipotyphla
(一)猬科 Erinaceidae
1.东北刺猬 Erinaceus amurensis	12	27	0.1		广布
二、食肉目 Carnivora
(二)鼬科Mustelidae
2.猪獾 Arctonyx collaris	44	624	2.32		古北
3.狗獾 Meles leucurus	47	568	2.11		广布
4.黄鼬 Mustela sibirica	21	88	0.33		广布
(三)灵猫科 Viverridae
5.果子狸 Paguma larvata	21	232	0.86		东洋
(四)猫科 Felidae
6.豹猫 Prionailurus bengalensis	46	485	1.81		广布
三、鲸偶蹄目 Cetartiodactyla
(五)牛科Bovidae
7.中华斑羚 Naemorhedus griseus	2	4	0.01	Ⅱ	古北
(六)鹿科 Cervidae
8.西伯利亚狍Capreolus pygargus	9	24	0.09		古北
四、啮齿目 Rodentia
(七)松鼠科 Sciuridae
9.花鼠Tamias sibiricus	15	51	0.19		古北
10.岩松鼠 Sciurotamias davidianus	52	1814	6.75		广布
11.松鼠 Sciurus vulgaris	30	347	1.29		古北
五、兔形目 Lagomorpha
(八)兔科 Leporidae
12.蒙古兔Lepus tolai	22	468	1.74		广布
鸟类 Birds
一、鸡形目 Galliformes
(一)雉科 Phasianidae
1.勺鸡Pucrasia macrolopha	40	204	0.76	Ⅱ	东洋
2.环颈雉Phasianus colchicus	18	105	0.39		古北
二、鸽形目 Columbiformes
(二)鸠鸽科 Columbidae
3.山斑鸠Streptopelia orientalis	5	60	0.22		广布
三、鹰形目 Accipitriformes
(三)鹰科 Accipitridae
4.苍鹰Accipiter gentilis	1	1	0.003	Ⅱ	古北
四、鸮形目 Strigiformes
(四)鸱鸮科 Strigidae
5.灰林鸮Strix aluco	3	12	0.04	Ⅱ	古北
五、啄木鸟目 Piciformes
(五)啄木鸟科 Picidae
6.大斑啄木鸟Dendrocopos major	2	4	0.01		古北
7.灰头绿啄木鸟Picus canus	3	3	0.01		广布
8.白背啄木鸟Dendrocopos leucotos	2	2	0.01		古北
六、隼形目 Falconiformes
(六)隼科 Falconidae
9.燕隼Falco subbuteo	1	2	0.01	Ⅱ	古北
10.游隼Falco peregrinus	1	1	0.003	Ⅱ	古北
七、雀形目 Passeriformes
(七)鸦科 Corvidae
11.松鸦Garrulus glandarius	14	78	0.29		古北
12.红嘴蓝鹊Urocissa erythroryncha	32	277	1.03		东洋
13.喜鹊 Pica pica	3	26	0.1		古北
14.星鸦 Nucifraga caryocatactes	1	1	0.003		古北
15.小嘴乌鸦 Corvus corone	6	63	0.23		古北
(八)山雀科 Paridae
16.大山雀Parus cinereus	8	19	0.07		广布
17.黄腹山雀 Pardaliparus venustulus	1	3	0.01		东洋
(九)鹎科 Pycnonotidae
18.白头鹎Pycnonotus sinensis	1	2	0.01		东洋
(十)莺鹛科 Sylviidae
19.棕头鸦雀Sinosuthora webbianus	6	9	0.03		广布
(十一)噪鹛科 Leiothrichidae
20.山噪鹛Garrulax davidi	6	7	0.03		古北
(十二)鹪鹩科 Troglodytidae
21.鹪鹩Troglodytes troglodytes	1	1	0.003		古北
(十三)鸫科 Turdidae
22.斑鸫Turdus eunomus	15	63	0.23		广布
23.赤颈鸫Turdus ruficollis	2	33	0.12		古北
24.灰背鸫Turdus hortulorum	1	2	0.01		古北
25.白眉鸫 Turdus obscurus	1	2	0.01		古北
26.虎斑地鸫 Zoothera aurea	6	14	0.05		广布
(十四)鹟科 Muscicapidae
27.红胁蓝尾鸲Tarsiger cyanurus	4	8	0.03		古北
28.北红尾鸲Phoenicurus auroreus	3	7	0.03		古北
29.紫啸鸫 Myophonus caeruleus	3	3	0.01		东洋
(十五)燕雀科 Fringillidae
30.普通朱雀Carpodacus erythrinus	2	4	0.01		古北
(十六)鹀科 Emberizidae
31.灰眉岩鹀Emberiza godlewskii	12	31	0.12		古北
32.三道眉草鹀 Emberiza cioides	2	3	0.01		古北
33.黄喉鹀 Emberiza elegans	3	4	0.01		古北

Tab.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Tab.2

Tab.3

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季节	物种数/种	占比/%	有效相片总数/张	占比/%	Shannon-Weiner 指数	占比/%
春季	10	23.81	474	10.01	1.67	22.54
夏季	11	26.19	1665	35.19	1.90	25.64
秋季	12	28.57	1737	36.71	2.38	32.12
冬季	9	21.43	856	18.09	1.46	19.70

季节	物种数/种	占比/%	有效相片总数/张	占比/%	Shannon-Weiner 指数	占比/%
春季	18	19.57	110	10.44	2.46	22.93
夏季	18	19.57	388	36.81	2.26	21.06
秋季	33	35.86	228	21.63	4.18	38.96
冬季	23	25.00	328	31.12	1.83	17.05