Table of Content

28 October 2022, Issue 5

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Integrated M lanagement and Administration

Carbon Neutrality Practices of Mega Sporting Events Based on Forestry Carbon Sink —Illustrated by the Carbon Neutral Afforestation Project for Beijing Winter Olympics

ZHANG Feng

2022,(5):  1-6.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.001

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The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympis was a mega "carbon neutral" sporting event,Beijing Municipal Government donated 530 thousand tons of certified carbon sink which was generated by the Beijing Winter Olympics carbon neutral afforestation project to the Beijing Winter Olympic Organizing Committee,offset part of the carbon emissions of the event and supported the realization of the carbon neutral goal.This paper summarized the operation steps of carbon neutrality of mega sporting events based on forestry carbon sink,introduced the process and experience of project implementation,analyzed the problems that should be paid attention to in the project operation process,and put forward suggestions to promote the forestry carbon neutrality of mega sporting events.

Improving the Management Efficiency of Natural Parks Based on Big Data Technology:Taking Big Data for Human Activity as an Example

WANG Shanghui, WANG Taiqi

2022,(5):  7-14.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.002

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Improving the management efficiency of natural parks based on big data technology is of great practical significance for building a natural protected area system with national parks as the main body and ensuring effective coordination between the protection and rational utilization of natural parks.It is an important task for natural parks to innovate management mode continually and further improve management efficiency.This paper analyzed the current situation of the management of natural parks and the main problems faced with the use of big data,explored the path of using big data technology to improve the management efficiency of natural parks,and took the big data of human activities as an example to analyze and demonstrate the collection,analysis,processing and specific application of big data.It was believed that the use of big data technology to scientifically limit human activities was the key to improve the efficiency of natural park management.In view of the problems of using human activity big data to improve management efficiency,this paper put forward some suggestions on using human activity big data to improve management efficiency of natural parks from the aspects of improving top-level design,building monitoring system,broadening talent channels,using big data to solve management problems and focusing on data governance.

Discussion on the Construction of Volunteer Service System in China’s National Parks from the Perspective of Public Participation: A Case from Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

ZHU Wanli, PAN Zhixin, MENG Longfei

2022,(5):  15-23.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.003

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China’s national parks have just been established,the volunteer service system is still imperfect and public participation is low.It is an inevitable demand to build an institutionalized,standardized and scientific volunteer service system for improving the management system of national parks in China.This paper analyzed the reasons and contents of public participation in national park volunteer services,summarized the successful experience of the national park volunteer service system in the United States,and difficulties faced by public participation in national park volunteer services in China.On this basis,taking Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park as an example,this study tried to build a volunteer service system from strengthening legislation,establishing volunteer service management agency,improving volunteer service management process,building volunteer service network platform,expanding volunteer service projects and improving volunteer service reward mechanism,which could provide references for the public to better participate in volunteer service of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park and realize the public benefits of the park.

Study on the Mechanism of Forestry Science Popularization Enabling Rural Revitalization in Guangdong Province

LI Meiyun, TAN Hongjuan, LI Shangren

2022,(5):  24-31.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.004

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Guangdong Province,where the work of forestry science popularization has always been in the forefront in China,is a major forestry province,the research on the mechanism and strategy of forestry science popularization enabling rural revitalization in Guangdong is of great significance.According to the evolution process of ‘element-structure-function’ of rural system,and based on the intervention of the elements of forestry science popularization,this paper constructed the mechanism framework of forestry science popularization enabling rural revitalization.On this basis,this paper analyzed the basic conditions and problems of forestry science popularization enabling rural revitalization in Guangdong Province,and put forward the strategies to promote forestry science popularization enabling rural revitalization.

Practice Discussion

Driving Factors of Carbon Trading Price in Pilot Area of China Carbon Market and Its Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity

SONG Yaxian, GU Guangtong

2022,(5):  32-41.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.005

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Based on the quarterly panel data of carbon trading prices from 2014 to 2019 in seven carbon pilot areas of Shenzhen, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, Hubei and Chongqing, this paper first used the spatial Moran index to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of carbon trading prices on the basis of building the energy intensity weight matrix, and then used the spatial and Temporal Geographic weighted regression(GTWR)model to empirically analyze the driving factors of carbon trading prices and their spatial and temporal differences.The results showed that:Carbon trading prices in pilot areas had obvious temporal and spatial agglomeration effects and significant spatial correlation; The driving factors of carbon trading price in different pilot areas had significant temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Industrial structure, total industrial output value, energy structure, carbon market trading volume, punishment, the number of emission control enterprises and forest coverage were important driving factors; Temperature, GDP per capita, energy consumption of GDP in per unit and emission reduction targets did not show obvious temporal and spatial heterogeneity.This paper reckoned that we should focus on optimizing the industrial structure, reasonably formulating carbon trading policies, improving the forest protection mechanism and strengthening cross regional cooperation to effectively connect various carbon markets.

Carbon Sink of Forest Land and Other Biomass in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in 2020

HOU Ruiping, CHEN Jian, XIA Chaozong, SONG Jiageng, HUANG Xiang, ZHENG Qianhui, AN Tianyu, HAO Yuelan

2022,(5):  42-52.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.006

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Based on the data of carbon measurement and monitoring system of China's forestry addressing climate change,carbon storage and carbon sink of forest land and other biomass in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in 2020 andthe contribution of the key ecological projects and the key strategic implementation area to the carbon sinks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region were estimated by using the carbon measurement model and parameters established by the specific survey of forest carbon pools,also combining the previous national forest inventory data.The results showed that:1)In 2020,the carbon sink of forest land in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region was 23.918 Tg CO₂/a,and the carbon sink of other biomass such as scattered trees and four-side trees was 0.467Tg CO₂/a.The arbor forestland accounted for the largest proportion of the total carbon sink of forest land and other biomass.Among all 3 provinces/cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,the carbon sink of forest land and other biomass of Hebei Province took the 1st place,while Tianjin was the last.The biomass contributed the most(92.13%)to the carbon sinks of forest land and other biomass.‘Land that has always been forest land’ contributed the most to the carbon sinks of forest land and other biomass(87.67%),of which the carbon sink generated by the land that has always been arbor forest accounted for 79.78%.2)The contribution of three key ecological programs(namely,the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm-Control Program,the Three-North Shelterbelt Program and the Taihang Mountain Afforestation Program)and one key strategic implementation area(namely,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Zone)to the carbon sinks of forest land in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region was measured and analyzed.Among the three key ecological programs and one key strategic implementation area,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Zone made the largest contribution(65.13%),followed by the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm-Control Program and the Taihang Mountain Afforestation Program(37.55% and 34.16%,respectively),while the Three-North Shelterbelt Program had less impact.

Scientific Research

Study of Sampling Survey Method for Forest Fuels Based on Large Plots

YANG Xueqing, SUN Zhichao, WANG Lisheng, CHAI Zheng, QIU Yiwen, JIANG Chunying

2022,(5):  53-59.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.007

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In order to meet the needs of remote sensing monitoring of forest fuel loads,this study designed a sampling plan by using the stratified sampling method to set up large plots of forest fuels in the major forest types in typical areas.For each large plot,on the basis of the zoning of the forest stand type,the method of measuring around the angle and the quadratic survey was used to measure the fuel load of the various layers(e.g.,tree-,shrub-,herb-,litter-,and humus-layer)in the large sample plot.A comprehensive investigation was carried out on the plant load and other factors such as stand and topography characteristics.Finally,the feasibility of using statistical methods to establish a remote sensing prediction model of fuels load based on factors such as combustibles load and vegetation index was discussed.The research results can provide favorable technical support for the accurate investigation and dynamic monitoring of the forest fuel loads at the regional scale.

Extracting Individual Tree Position of Chinese Fir Based on an Improved Local Maximum Method

LI Suchun, LIN Luhua, XIA Lei, HU Lulu, XU Xiaojun

2022,(5):  60-68.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.008

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Chinese fir is one of the important timber species in China.The extraction of individual tree position and density plays an important role in regulating its stand spatial structure and function,and improving stand quality.Based on the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing image,taking the Chinese fir pure forest in Longquan City of Lishui as the research object,the improved local maximum method was used to extract the crown position and number of Chinese fir trees,which was compared and analyzed with the measured number of trees.The results show that the sampling interval parameter of the improved local maximum method had an important influence on the extraction accuracy of individual tree number.Under the appropriate sampling interval parameters,the overall accuracy of individual tree position detection for sample plots with dense and sparse tree density were 82.10% and 80.17%,commission errors were 24.12% and 18.18%,and omission errors were 17.90% and 19.83%,respectively.The detected tree density and measured tree density for sample plots with dense and sparse tree density were very similar,and the accuracy was 93.77% and 98.35%,respectively.The tree density had a negative correlation with the overall accuracy and commission error,and a positive correlation with the omission error.The improved local maximum method can accurately extract the number of individual trees of Chinese fir forest with different tree density,which provides a feasible method for intelligent,fast and accurate extraction of individual crown position and tree density of Chinese fir.

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of the Pure and Mixed Cunninghamia lanceolata Stands of the Ecological Public-Welfare Forests in Northern Guangdong

YAN Shu, DENG Houyin, HU Dehuo, WANG Runhui, WEI Ruping, ZHENG Huiquan, ZOU Yihua, CHEN Xiawei

2022,(5):  69-75.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.009

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The study was based on data of each wood scale,soil physical and chemical properties,litter characteristics and biodiversity of the standard sample plots from pure Cunninghamia/lanceolata and six typical C.lanceolata with broad-leaved mixed stands(C.lanceolata×Schima superba,C.lanceolata×Castanopsis hystrix,C.lanceolata×Michelia chapensis,C.lanceolata×Michelia macclurei,C.lanceolata×Cinnamomum camphora,C.lanceolata×Liquidambar formosana)of the ecological public-welfare forests in northern Guangdong,China.Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)method was applied to obtain relative weights of each criterion including stand quality,ecological function and soil fertility maintenance and theirs sub-criterions,with the object to build a comprehensive quality evaluation system for C.lanceolata ecological forests in northern Guangdong.According to the evaluation results,the C.lanceolata×C.hystrix,C.lanceolata×M.chapensis and C.lanceolata×M.macclurei stands appeared to have higher stand quality scores than others,and the stands of C.lanceolata×M.macclurei,C.lanceolata×L.formosana and C.lanceolata×M.chapensis presented rather good ecological function.While the C.lanceolata×C.hystrix,C.lanceolata×S.superba and C.lanceolata×M.macclurei stands had higher soil fertility maintenance ability than others.Overall,three types of stands including C.lanceolata×M.macclurei,C.lanceolata×C.hystrix and C.lanceolata×M.chapensis were comprehensively good regarding all aspects.

Study on the Characteristics of Understory Plant Diversity of Bawangling Rubber Forest in Hainan

WANG Qun, LI Donghai, YANG Xiaobo, ZENG Runjuan, XIA Dan, WANG Hao, QI Chunlin, HAO Jiewei

2022,(5):  76-83.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.010

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To understand the characteristics of understory plant diversity in the rubber forest of Hainan Bawangling,the rubber forest sample with a total area of 10 400m² was selected from the Bawangling Branch of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration for investigation,and the species richness index(S),Shannon-Wiener index(H')and Simpson index(P)were used to analyze the characteristics of understory plant diversity in the rubber forest of Bawangling Branch under different environmental conditions.The results showed:1)In this survey,a total of 478 species of 309 genera in 110 families were recorded,of which more than 100 species had not been recorded in the previous understory plants of the rubber forest in Hainan,such as Lithocarpuscorneus,Quercus fleuryi,and Syzygiumchampionii andother species in forest successions of mid- or late-stage;2)The plant diversity of the rubber forest under the Bawangling Branch was jointly affected by different environmental conditions,and the diversity index of each species was the highest under the conditions of altitude of 400-600m,the slope of 21-30 degree and depression closure >0.8,and there was no obvious rule on the slope.3)The influence of different management methods on plant diversity under the rubber forest was significantly different,and the changing trend of the species diversity index was consistent,that was,normal operation and management<neglect management<abandon operation management;4)The composition of plants under the rubber forest that transferred from normal management to abandon management had gradually transitioned from the middle and early plants to the middle and late plant species,and there was a natural succession tendency towards the local tropical rainforest.

Concentration of Negative Oxygen Ion and Its Influencing Factors in Coniferous and Broad-Leaved Mixed Forest in the Suburbs of Nanchang City

TANG Haofan, WU Qiaohua, WANG Liyan, ZHOU Chen, WANG Hua, DI Lan, LUO Kunshui

2022,(5):  84-90.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.011

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Concentration of air negative oxygen ions(NOI) plays an important role in evaluating forest health effects and promoting human physical and mental health.In order to explore the level of negative oxygen ions in the air of urban forest environment,this study took coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in the suburbs of Nanchang city as the research object,and conducted long-term on-site monitoring of NOI concentration,air PM_2.5 content,temperature and relative humidity within 24 hours from January 2021 to December 2021.The negative oxygen ion concentration and its influencing factors in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest were analyzed to explore the temporal dynamic mode of NOI.The results showed as follows:1)The average annual concentration of NOI in the forest was 1786 ind/cm³,which reached the level ⅱ fresh standard and was beneficial to human body;2)The diurnal variation of NOI concentration in the forest showed a "double-peak and single valley" trend,that was,the concentration of NOI was the highest at 05:00,the second highest at 17:00,and the lowest at 12:00,and the concentration in the period without sunshine was higher than that in the period with sunshine;3)Due to the seasonal changes,the NOI concentration was characterized as autumn>winter>summer>spring;4)Correlation analysis results showed that NOI concentration was negatively correlated with air PM_2.5 content and positively correlated with relative humidity,but temperature had no obvious effect.These results can provide references for assessing the ecological benefits of urban forestry and for citizens to arrange outdoor sports and forest conservation activities.

Information Extraction and Security Risk Assessment of Street Trees Based on Vehicle-Borne LiDAR Data

MU Tianbao, WU Linna, ZHANG Haitao, ZHANG Han

2022,(5):  91-98.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.012

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Rapid and accurate acquisition of the structural characteristics and safety risk status of urban street trees based on LiDAR point cloud data is of great significance to assist smart city management.In order to solve the problem that LiDAR point cloud data is difficult to segment regions with unclear morphological characteristics in street tree parameter acquisition,a individual tree extraction method based on circular index of trunk center point was proposed.Firstly,it obtained the sliced point cloud of the trunk layer according to the elevation information,then,segmented the sliced data based on the improved DBSCAN clustering algorithm.Secondly,it identified the trunk through the morphological characteristics of the ground features and obtained the central point,so as to complete the extraction through the circular index method based on the central point.Finally,it combined with the risk matrix method to evaluate the safety risk of the stability and traffic impact of the street trees in the study area.The results showed that the proposed individual tree extraction method could effectively improve the segmentation accuracy of individual trees of street trees in areas with unclear morphological characteristics,and accurately obtain the structural parameter information such as the number,shape and position of street trees;The safety risk assessment found that the stability of most street trees and the risk of traffic impact in the study area werein a level I negligible risk state,but there were some street trees whose stability and risk of traffic impact were level II and level III.These trees were mainly distributed in the area with dense and interlaced roadside trees in the study area.The results can provid corresponding decision support for relevant departments to monitor street trees in a timely and effective manner.

Technical Application

Research on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Habitat Quality in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Based on InVEST Model

QIU Tianqi, WANG Xiangrong

2022,(5):  99-106.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.013

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The assessment of habitat quality plays an important role in maintaining the regional ecosystem and reshaping the regional ecological security pattern.This paper selected the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration as the research object,used the InVEST model and ArcGis software to analyze the spatial pattern and spatial evolution characteristics of regional land use and habitat quality in 2000,2010 and 2020,respectively,and further analyzed its evolution mechanism and influencing factors.The results showed that:1)The distribution of land use and habitat quality level had obvious correlation;2)The overall habitat quality of the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration had experienced an evolutionary trend from maintaining in great efforts to accelerating deterioration;3)The dynamic evolution of habitat quality level was obviously related to the release and implementation of regional planning policies.

Tree Level Monitoring of Pine Wilt Disease Based on UAV Multispectral Imagery

WANG Bu, TAN Wei, WANG Guilin, PU Xiuqing

2022,(5):  107-117.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.014

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Pine wilt disease(PWD)is one of the most harmful forest diseases,and there is an urgent need to adopt accurate monitoring means to determine the number and location of diseased trees for efficient prevention and control of PWD.In this study,the image of PWD epidemic area in Zhongcheng Town,Rongjiang County,Guizhou Province was obtained by using multi spectral UAV,and the multi spectral UAV and its derived point cloud were used as data sources.Firstly,localization identification and crown profile segmentation of individual trees in the study area were performed by point cloud segmentation algorithm.The spectral features were then extracted in segmentation units and the best feature set was filtered by a combination of random forest and recursive feature elimination(RF-RFE).Finally,random Forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)detection models were constructed based on screening feature sets,and the model detection performance was evaluated. At the same time,the RF and the SVM were used to invert the disease susceptibility in the study area and draw the spatial distribution map of PWD.The following key results were obtained:1)The individual trees segmentation based on photogrammetric point clouds was effective,with an overall F-score value of 82.21%.The OA and Kappa of the RF model constructed after feature screening were 84.4% and 0.74,respectively,and the SVM was 76.09% and 0.66.2)The F-score for RF were 78.43%,69.23%,83.33% and 94.12%,SVM were 80.7%,55.81%,70.18% and 84.13% for the four stages of tree health,early,middle,and late detection,respectively.The comprehensive comparison of the detection performance of RF was the best.The study pointed out that it was feasible to use the combination of UAV multispectral image and photographic measurement point cloud for individual trees scale monitoring of PWD.The study aimed to provide a reference for low-cost and accurate remote sensing monitoring of PWD.

Quantitative Characteristics and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Arbor Species in Coniferous and Broad-Leaved Mixed Forest in Chayu County

HUANG Di, REN Yihua, YANG Shouzhi

2022,(5):  118-128.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.015

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Spatial distribution pattern is a reflection of the interaction between population and environment,and it is an important means to study the ecological relationship between forest community and environment and species.Taking the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Cheyingou,Chayu County of southeastern Tibet as the research object,the typical plot method was used to investigate the community,and the diameter structure of the main tree species in the community was analyzed.The time series method was used to predict the population dynamics of each tree,and the point pattern method was used to analyze its spatial distribution pattern and spatial correlation.The results showed that:1)There were three main tree species in the community:Abies chayuensis,Pinus armandii and Betula utilis,and the distribution of the number of each group in the diameter class was generally more than that in the small diameter class.Then,with the increase of the diameter class,the number of the population fluctuated irregularly,indicating that the community was in an unstable state;2)The time series analysis showed that the population numbers of Abies chayuensis,Pinus armandii and Betula utilis in the community would increase in the next 2,4 and 6 years.According to the survey,there were many seedlings in this area,but the renewal was insufficient,and the time series prediction could not consider this ecological process;3)Small trees in all groups were mainly clustered,while the spatial distribution pattern of big trees showed certain diversified characteristics;4)The spatial correlation between big trees and small trees as a whole,and the spatial correlation between various groups of big trees were diversified due to different plots,which were mainly divided into uncorrelated and negatively correlated.

Biomass Analysis and Model Development of Caragana sinica in Central Tianshan Mountains

ZHU Yali, ZHANG Jinglu, ZHANG Huifang, DILIXIATI· Baoerhan, LIAN Jiajia

2022,(5):  129-135.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.016

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Taking Caragana sinica,a natural shrub distributed in the central Tianshan Mountains,as the study object,and 40 sample trees were collected from Hutubi Branch and soil samples were collected.Firstly,the correlation analysis of factors affecting biomass was carried out.Then,the canopy area of natural Caragana was used as the independent variable,and the aboveground biomass was used as the dependent variable.The aboveground biological model was fitted by linear,quadratic,power and exponential regression;Finally,the fitting results were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the aboveground biomass of natural Caragana was positively correlated with plant height,average branch length,crown area,soil organic carbon and hydrolytic nitrogen,and positively correlated with average basal diameter and soil available phosphorus,but had no significant correlation with soil available potassium.The optimal aboveground biomass model was the conic curve model,with a fitting accuracy of 89.54%.

Evaluation and Screening of Ornamental Illicium difengpi Germplasm in Terms of Leaf Morphology Using Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

HAO Min, TANG Hui, WANG Manlian, LIU Baoyu, CHEN Yujiao

2022,(5):  136-144.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.017

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Illicium difengpi is a unique plant in karst area.The leaf shape,leaf color,especially the color difference between tender leaf and mature leaf are obvious.It is a good medicinal and ornamental plant resource.The objective is to establish a germplasm evaluation system of foliage type Illicium difengpi,and to select a number of fine individual plants with good characters and ornamental value,so as to provide a theoretical basis and the high quality provenance for selective breeding and the landscape utilization of Illicium difengpi.This study adopted the method of combining the field survey and analytic hierarchy process,selected 15 evaluation indexes from 3 aspects,namely plant growth,leaf growth and leaf ornamental,so as to conduct statistical analysis of 226 Illicium difengpi plants.The results showed that the factors with higher weight of comprehensive evaluation indexes were tender leaf color,leaf shape and glossiness.The weight values were 0.295,0.140 and 0.105.The 226 Illicium difengpi could be classified into 5 grades.The score of 20 plants with the highest comprehensive score ranged from 3.606 4 to 3.944 2,which was characterized by its bright red color and high ornamental value.They could be used as a good germplasm selection standard,and could be used in landscape construction first.Combined with the weight calculation results,the change process and color cycle of the tender leaves and the differences of the leaf shape of the mature leaves were observed.It was considered that the color of the tender leaves and leaf shape of Illicium difengpi were important indicators for the selection of germplasm.

Research Briefing

Distribution Status and Habitat Characteristics of Wild Plant Species with Extremely Small Population of Sonneratia×hainanensis

ZHONG Cairong, FANG Zanshan, LYU Xiaobo, CHENG Cheng, ZHANG Mengwen

2022,(5):  145-152.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.018

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To effectively protect the wild plant Sonneratia×hainanensis with a extremely small population,the methods of literature review,interview and quadratic survey were combined to investigate and analyze the resource distribution status,community structure,topography and habitat characteristics of Sonneratia×hainanensis.The results showed that:1)Sonneratia×hainanensis hada narrow natural distribution range and small population;2)The natural distribution of Sonneratia×hainanensis tended to grow in the middle and high tide area with sufficient light,warm climate,medium and low salinity.At the same time,the species had a certain tolerance to pollution and was not very strict on sediment requirements;3)The community structure of the naturally distributed Sonneratia×hainanensis were relatively complete and stable.The population of Sonneratia×hainanensis was a declining population,and the number of individuals would gradually decrease with natural development.Through research and analysis,some conservation strategies such as restoring ecological environment,artificially promoting natural hybridization,and artificially cultivating and expanding the number of provenances were put forward.

Rhizosphere Soil Chemical Properties of Different Tree Species in Mountain Areas of Northern Hebei

YANG Liu, SHAO Hongyuan, LI Xiao, XU Guoqiao, MA Jiaojiao, JIA Yanlong, XU Zhongqi

2022,(5):  153-159.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.019

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In order to understand the differences of rhizosphere soil nutrients among different tree species in mountain areas of northern Hebei,the chemical properties of rhizosphere soil of six tree species(Larix principisrupprechtii,Betula platyphylla,Juglans mandshurica,Ulmus pumila,Sorbus pohuashanensis and Pinus sylvestris)in the region were analyzed.The results showed that:1)among the total nutrients in rhizosphere soil of the six tree species,the content of total organic carbon in soil ranged from 33.90 to 107.65 mg/g,the content of total nitrogen in soil ranged from 2.40 to 8.65 mg/g,and the content of total phosphorus in soil ranged from 627.35 to 829.60mg/kg.Among them,Juglans mandshurica had the highest content of total phosphorus,and Betula platyphylla had the highest content of total nitrogen and total carbon.2)The highest content of ammonia nitrogen in soil was Pinus sylvestris,which was significantly higher than that of other tree species;Juglans mandshurica had the highest content of available phosphorus in soil;Ulmus pumila had the highest content of nitrate nitrogen,available nitrogen,and available potassium in soil.3)The range of C/N,C/P and N/P in rhizosphere soil were 11.64~12.62,69.34~128.10 and 4.89~10.29,respectively.Pinus sylvestris had the highest C/N ratio,and Betula platyphylla had the highest C/Pand N/P ratios.4)The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant or extremely significant positive correlation between soil pH,soil moisture content and soil nutrients;there was also a significant or extremely significant positive correlation between available nutrients and total nutrients.

Effects of Drought Stress and Rehydration on the Physiological Characteristics of Alsophila spinulosa

LYU Chaoyan, GAO Zhixi, XU Xingxian, ZHANG Yao, CHEN Xu, SHI Jiaojiao

2022,(5):  160-168.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2022.05.020

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In order to find out the adaptability of the woody fern Alsophila spinulosa to the water-deficient environment,three-year-old seedlings were selected and potted to control water for continuous drought stress and rehydration treatment.The changes of osmotic adjustment substance content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and antioxidant enzyme activity in the leaves were studied after 3,6,8 days of drought and after 3,6,and 9 days of rewatering.The results showed that:1)With the prolongation of the continuous drought time,the soluble sugar content,proline content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and peroxidase(POD)activity increased first and then decreased.The maximum value was reached at 3 days of drought;the contents of soluble protein and malondialdehyde increased gradually,and reached the maximum at 8 days of drought;The catalase(CAT)activity showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.Its activity was the highest when adequately watered.2)At 9 days after rehydration,the soluble sugar content,proline content,POD activity,and CAT activity had recovered to the levels below those under adequate water supply;the soluble protein content,MDA content and SOD activity were still slightly higher than those under adequate water supply.It could be seen that under drought stress,the soluble protein content had been increasing,which played a relatively important role in the resistance to drought stress;The soluble sugar content,proline content,SOD activity and POD activity responded rapidly and increased,but began to decline after 3 days of drought,indicating that the tolerance of Alsophila spinulosa was relatively poor to drought stress;At the same time,after re-watering,all physiological indicators quickly recovered to the level of sufficient water supply,indicating that Alsophila spinulosa had a relatively strong recovery ability after encountering drought stress.