Table of Content

28 April 2020, Issue 2

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Table of Contents

Contents and Cover

2020,(2):  0-0. 

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Integrated Managemen and Administration

Study on Standards for Establishing National Parks in China

TANG Xiaoping, JIANG Yafang, ZHAO Zhicong, LIANG Bingkuan, MA Wei

2020,(2):  1-8.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.001

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On the basis of combing and referring to the establishment conditions and selection indexes of major national parks in the world,according to the new requirements of establishing a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body and starting from China's national conditions,this paper not only combines pilot practice of national park system but also puts forward the principles,establishment conditions and identification index system for selecting national parks in China.From the three aspects of national representativeness,ecological importance and management feasibility,10 evaluation indexes for the establishing China's national parks are determined.This paper also discusses the connotation of the concepts of national significance,public benefits,ecological character,integrity and authenticity.Analyzing the feasibility of taking all natural resources assets as main body of national parks,to ensure the three China national park concepts — ecological protection priority,national representative and public welfare could be realized during the practice and build the foundation for the establishment of national park system with Chinese characteristics.

Research on the Countermeasures for Forest Resources Monitoring in Key State-owned Forest Areas in Northeast and Inner Mongolia in the New Period

GAO Jinping, GAO Xianlian, SUN Zhongqiu, YU Huina

2020,(2):  9-13.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.002

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Forest resource monitoring is the basic work of forest resource management.The National Forestry and Grassland Administration organized the forest resource planning survey in key state-owned forest areas in Northeast and Inner Mongolia from 2016 to 2018,and achieved fruitful achievements.Facing the new situation and new requirements of the reform in key state-owned forest area,we explored development strategies to improve monitoring capabilities and serve the forest protection and development of key state-owned forest areas from six aspects,guided by Xi Jinping's thoughts of ecological civilization and green development.Our work has a significant value for the monitoring of forest resources in key state-owned forest areas.

Countermeasures and Suggestions for Improving Forest Farmers' Incentives for Forest Production and Management after the Collective Forest Tenure Reform in Inner Mongolia

CHEN Xiaoyan, QU Hong

2020,(2):  14-18.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.003

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By analyzing the problems faced by forest farmers and the influencing factors of forest farmers' incentives of production and management after the collective forest tenure reform in Inner Mongolia,the paper put forward the countermeasures and suggestions,which including improving the support of the government,promoting the exemplary and leading effect of the new type forestry management subjects and improving the service mechanism for forest farmers and so on,in order to mobilize forest farmers' enthusiasm of forest production and management and ecological protection.

Discussion on the Surveillance Strategy of Terrestrial Wildlife Epidemic Disease Based on the Source Prevention and Control

YANG Xiao, RUAN Xiangdong

2020,(2):  19-24.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.004

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The epidemic situation caused by 2019-nCoV is accelerated spreading all over the world which has raised the serious disaster on global public health.The latest genome sequencing researches have speculated that wildlife may be hosts of 2019-nCoV.This kind of situation has brought new challenges to terrestrial wildlife epidemic source and disease monitoring.Based on the literature research,this paper has systematic stated the development process of terrestrial wildlife epidemic source and disease monitoring,analyzed the new situation and problems,and then put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions,specifically including the following points:improve the strength of legal protection and technical standards,strengthen professional ability and team building;coordinate developing with nature reserves;carry out background investigation and joint scientific research.The goal of the research is to provide new ideas for improving the effectiveness of monitoring and better maintaining public health security.

Research on the Internationalization Path of China's Environmental Non-government Organizations under "the Belt and Road" Initiative

TANG Ning, LIU Jinglan, AN Congying, LIU Yuqi

2020,(2):  25-31.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.005

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With the implementation and promotion of China's "the Belt and Road"initiative,the international community is increasingly concerned about the ecological and environmental impact of the initiative in countries and regions along the routes.Although there are a large number of environmental non-government organizations(ENGOs) in China,in which should have passed China's ecological environment policy and the experience,responsed to the international attention,promoted the international community in the area of ecological environment protection communication and understanding,removed doubts,rallied the hearts and minds of countries and regions along the routes,most of them serve the domestic environmental protection cause,and can play a role in the international level less.Through the comparative analysis of the development experience of international ENGOs and the challenges faced by the internationalization of ENGOs in China,this paper aims to provide suggestions for ENGOs in China to go abroad and play their role in global environmental governance.

Study on the Strategic Environment and Realization Paths of the Sustainable Development of the Yellow Sea Wetland in Yancheng

SHEN Xiaomei, YU Xinxin, WANG Lei

2020,(2):  32-36.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.006

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Yancheng Yellow Sea Wetland is the first coastal wetland type of world heritage in China.It is of practical significance to explore the strategic environment and implementation path of its sustainable development.Under the SWOT theoretical framework,a systematic analysis is made based on the internal advantages and disadvantages of the sustainable development of the Yellow Sea Wetlands in Yancheng and their external opportunities and threats at this stage.Based on the principles of exerting advantages,making up for disadvantages,seizing opportunities and weakening threats,the path to high-quality and sustainable development of the Yellow Sea Wetlands in Yancheng is explored.Research suggests that at this stage we should adhere to the principles of ecological priority and green development;on the one hand,constantly improve the corresponding legal system and improve wetland management mechanisms;on the other hand,gradually introduce high-tech industries such as marine life and new energy to promote the development of wetland tourism,controlling the development of marine resources.Meanwhile,an ecological compensation mechanism needs to be implemented to form a coastal wetland development model with full participation and diversified win-win results,so as to promote high-quality economic,ecological,and social development in the region.

Analysis on Characteristics of Ancient or Rare Trees in Yuping Dong Autonomous County and Their Protection Countermeasures

YI Shanjun, YAO Ye, CUI Jian, SHI Meilin, ZENG Weisheng

2020,(2):  37-45.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.007

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Based on the spot investigation,consulting document and interviewing,the species,quantities,ages,protection grades,growth potential,floristic characteristics,protection conditions,current problems of the ancient or rare trees were studied in Yuping Dong Autonomous County. The result showed that there were up to 485 ancient or rare trees in Yuping Dong Autonomous County,which belong to 23 families,30 genera,34 species. There are 32 trees over 500 years,38 trees between 300 years and 499 years,415 trees between 100 years and 299 years.There was significant correlation with the altitude,slope and the number of ancient or rare trees,there were many differences among them. The floristic characteristics of the ancient or rare trees were also analyzed,the result showed that the temperate distribution-type had a significant dominance,and the tropic distribution-type played a secondary role in the floristic characteristics. There are lots of problems in the protection of ancient or rare trees,such as the shortage of funds,low maintenance level,etc. Therefore,some effective countermeasures should be adopted,including widen financing channel,developing professional contingent,constructing Ancient Trees Park,etc.

Practice Discussion

A Discussion on the Characteristics and Key Points of County-level National Forest City Planning—Using Jiangxi Province as a Case

ZHUO Ling, HUANG Guilin, TANG Xiaoping, LIAO Chengzhang, HOU Meng

2020,(2):  46-52.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.008

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With the rapid development of urbanization in China,the imbalance of urban and rural ecological construction has attracted more attention.In order to further promote the construction of forest cities to the grassroots level,narrow the gap between urban and rural ecological construction,and better serve the development of county and rural areas,China started the construction of county-level national forest cities.Based on the ongoing national forest urban construction at the county level in Jiangxi province as an example,this paper analyzes and concludes five aspects of planning,that are the direction principle,target determination,index setting,content design,and the connotation of the expression characteristics,and summarizes seven aspects of planning,that are the urban green space,forest around the forest landscape green space of villages and small towns,rural scenic beauty,rich green industry,ecological service facilities,and natural education popularization,which offers reference for the county national forest city planning in our country.

Research on the Developing an Indicator System for Monitoring in Giant Panda National Park

YE Jing, SONG Tianyu, CHEN Junzhi

2020,(2):  53-60.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.009

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Based on the analysis of the monitoring experience of national parks abroad and the monitoring work of national parks and nature protected areas in China,combined with the technical regulations of Giant Panda Survey and the results of the monitoring indicator questionnaire in the network collection platform,this paper explored the construction of a monitoring index system applicable to Giant Panda National Park,which can guide the National Park to carry out scientific and standardized monitoring work,and to play a guiding and exemplary role for other giant panda conservation areas.

Forestry Practices and Discussion of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province

YANG Chaoxing

2020,(2):  61-66.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.010

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The strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River valley has been promoted to the national level.Forestry construction plays an irreplaceable role in its implementation.Located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,a special location connecting the top and the bottom,Henan province is of typical significance for the strategy.According to the concept of ecological civilization that respects nature,conforms to nature and protects nature,this paper summarized the practice in Henan province,objectively analyzed present situation and tasks and probed into approaches that help propel ecological protection and development in this area.

The Path and Strategies for Developing a Natural Reserve System in Jiangxi Province with National Parks as Its Main Body

YI Guixiu, DENG Zhaofang, HU Ersi

2020,(2):  67-72.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.011

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Jiangxi province is one of the first batch of national ecological civilization experimental areas with excellent ecological environment.There are abundant types and wide distribution of nature reserves in Jiangxi province.Based on the analysis of the current characteristics and shortcomings of various kinds of nature reserves in Jiangxi province,this paper puts forward the technical path of the construction of nature reserves system,which is problem-oriented,protection oriented,space optimization focused,and ecological management and control as a means,as well as the concept of "four parks,seven areas,many points and five corridors"of the provincial nature reserves system,and the construction of national parks and the zoning of nature reserves and the goal management and other key contents put forward constructive suggestions for the current National Park as the main provincial natural reserve system construction.

Discussion on the Integration and Optimization of Natural Reserves in Qinghai Lake Basin

LIU Yong, FAN Lin, YANG Yonglin, LIU Nan

2020,(2):  73-78.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.012

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In accordance with the “requirements of the guiding opinions on the establishment of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body”(hereinafter referred to as“the Guiding Opinions”),based on the detailed investigation of all kinds of natural reserves at all levels in the Qinghai Lake Basin,this paper analyzes the problems of overlapping setting,multi management,unclear boundary,unclear rights and responsibilities,prominent contradiction between protection and development,etc.The integration and optimization methods are formulated,and the integration and optimization proposals are put forward and discussed.

Scientific Research

Estimating Forest Volume, Mean Height and Basal Area Based on Airborne Laser Scanning Data

ZENG Weisheng, SUN Xiangnan, WANG Liuru, WANG Wei, PU Ying

2020,(2):  79-86.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.013

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Based on the airborne laser scanning (ALS) data and field measurement data of 191 sample plots distributed across the Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest stands in northeastern China,the base regression models for estimating forest volume,mean height and basal area were determined through multiple linear regression and nonlinear regression methods at first.Then,a model system including stand volume,mean height,and basal area based on the ALS data was developed,using the error-in-variable simultaneous equations approach.The results show that for the developed multiple linear,nonlinear and two-variable nonlinear stand volume regression models,the coefficients of determination (R²) are 0.858,0.846 and 0.821;mean prediction errors (MPEs) are 2.57%,2.66% and 2.85%;and mean percent standard errors (MPSEs) are 26.35%,16.35% and 17.88%,respectively.For the mean height,basal area and stand volume simultaneous models,the R ² are 0.597,0.750 and 0.822;the MPEs are 1.90%,2.52% and 2.84%;and the MPSEs are 10.85%,15.28% and 17.73%,respectively.For estimating the forest parameters such as stand volume based on ALS data,nonlinear model is better than linear model,and the two-variable nonlinear model based on height (the median) and intensity (the percentile 75) of point clouds performed well.The error-in-variable simultaneous equations approach is a feasible method for developing a model system for estimation of main forest parameters.The developed mean height,basal area and stand volume simultaneous models in this study meet the need of precision requirements to relevant regulations on forest resources inventory,indicating that the models can be applied in practice.

A Study on the Basal Area Growth Model of Phoebe zhennan Secondary Forest in Hunan Province

GONG Zhaosong, ZENG Siqi, HE Dongbei, LONG Shisheng, JIANG Xingyan

2020,(2):  87-93.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.014

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Establishing basal area growth model of Phoebe zhennan secondary forest in Hunan province to provide theoretical basis and scientific guidance for its growth prediction and management decision-making.Taking Phoebe zhennan secondary forest in the National Forest Inventory sample of Hunan province from 1989 to 2014 as the object,the basic model of basal area growth was constructed based on 5 theoretical models with biological significance.On this basis,the site index closely related to stand growth is added to construct the site index model.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of the model,the mixed effect model of the growth of Phoebe zhennan secondary forest in Hunan area is constructed by adding the random parameters including stand density.The Logistic growth model with the highest coefficient (R²=0.241 0) and prediction accuracy (P=98.821 3%) and the smallest sum of residual squares (SSE=2 986.149 2) was selected as the basic model;the site index was added to parameter b₁,and the site index model of Hunan Phoebe zhennan secondary forest was constructed,the coefficient of determination was increased to 0.3312.The mixed effect model was constructed by dividing the stand density into different grades,the results showed that the AIC and BIC values of the simulation with random parameters added to parameter b₄ were the lowest,and the fitting effect was significantly better than other simulation (p< 0.000 1);compared with the basic model,the ME,MAE,RME and RMAE values of the mixed effect model were significantly reduced,and the R² was increased to 0.946 2,and the prediction accuracy was improved.The mixed effect model can improve the prediction accuracy of stand area growth,eliminate the differences between different density grades,and provide scientific basis for the reasonable management of Phoebe zhennan secondary forest in Hunan province.

A Study on the Growth Model of Individual Trees in Natural Mixed Forests of Oak and Pinus Massoniana in Hunan

ENG Qilong, CHEN Zhefu, CHEN Duanlv

2020,(2):  94-102.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.015

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In order to provide scientific guidance for the increment of quality of the mixed Oak and Pinus massoniana natural forest,establishing the growth model of individual volume and basal area.Twenty-three mixed Oak and Pinus massoniana natural forests in nine areas of Hunan province were selected to construct the growth models of individual volume and basal area.Through analysis,we can know that Richards model was the best model for volume and basal area growth of the two tree species,the determining coefficients (R ²) were the highest and the sum of squares of residuals (SSE) were the smallest.The result of mixed effect models show that the random effects of the Oak single-wood volume and basal area growth model are best at parameter a₁,while the volume and basal area growth model of Pinus massoniana are best at parameter b₁ and a₁+b₁.Compared with the basic model,the fitting precision (P) and determination coefficients of the mixed effect model are improved.Mean error (ME),mean absolute error (MAE),mean percent error (RME) and mean absolute percent error (RMAE) are all slumped substantially.The results show that wood volume and basal area growth of natural forests are greatly affected by the differences between tree species and site types.Mixed-effect model can take full account of the differences between sites,and solve this problem well.

Research on Tree Location Based on UWB Sensors

ZHENG Siqing, FANG Luming, SUN Linhao, ZHENG Xinyu, LIU Jiangjun

2020,(2):  103-111.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.016

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Tree location is an important survey factor in forest plot surveys.Due to the complexity of the forest environment,current techniques for tree location are less mature.Aiming at the problems of current tree position measurement methods or technologies,such as low efficiency,inconvenience,high cost,and unsuitability for non-line-of-sight measurement,this paper proposes a method based on UWB sensors combined with an altimeter to obtain tree position information.And designed a tree position sampling device.Eight selected plots with various tree species and different slopes were tested.First,four UWB base stations were arranged in each plot,and then the device carrying the UWB tag was used to sample the distance between each tree and each base station.The collected data were analyzed by MATLAB to investigate the impact of different weight values on positioning accuracy.The results show that the existence of an optimal weight value can reduce the average positioning error by 3.31cm.Compared with other quadrilateral positioning algorithms,the complexity is lower,and it is more suitable for tree positioning under non-line-of-sight situations such as dense foliage and complex landforms.

Study on the Coupling Relationship Between Arbor Layer Structure and Shrub Layer Diversity of Chinese Pine Plantation Forests

WANG Jingmin, ZHOU Yuanbo, BU Yuankun, QIAO Yuxin, WANG Jiabao, LI Weizhong

2020,(2):  112-119.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.017

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Plantation forest ecosystem is an important part of forest ecosystem.We use the Chinese pine which belongs to Shaanxi province Huanglong mountain as the research object and compares the four different density groups of Chinese pine plantation plots which in the difference of the spatial structure (Mingling index,Dominance index,Uniform Angle index and Crowding index) and of different shrub diversity (Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index,Pielon index,Gleason index and Margalef index).The coupling relationship between tree spatial structure and shrub diversity was established and we discuss the relationship between them.The results showed that:(a) among the all groups,the spatial structure of the plot which showed a tree density of 2 300-2 800/hm² was the best;(b) shrub diversity was significantly affected by tree density,the shrub diversity which in different tree density groups shows:low-density>mid-lower density>low-density>mid-higher density>high-density;(c) in different groups,the difference of tree spatial structure has different effects on shrub diversity,in the plots which showed a tree density of 2300 ~ 2800/hm²,a higher correlation relationship between tree spatial structure and shrub diversity could be observed.This indicates that shrub diversity could be changed via an adjustment tree spatial structure in that tree density.

Study on the Diversity and Stability of Plant Communities in Baili hododendron Scenic Area in Guizhou Province

WANG Jiaguo, LI Weijie, ZHANG Hongjun, WU Di, ZHANG Jianli, JIA Zhenzhen

2020,(2):  120-125.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.018

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Baili Rhododendron is the largest known natural Rhododendron forest in the middle and low altitude regions of the same latitude in the world.In order to study the species diversity and community stability of the main plant communities,four main communities were selected:Form.Rhododendron delavayi,Form.Rhododendron irroratum,Rhododendron mixed forest (Form.Rhododendron delavayi +Rhododendron irroratum) and mixed forest (Form.Castanea seguinii+Quercus fabri).The species diversity and stability were measured using α diversity coefficient and M.Godron method.The results were as follows:1) From high to low,the species richness of the four communities was mixed forest (Form.Castanea seguinii+Quercus fabri)>Rhododendron mixed forest (Form.Rhododendron delavayi+Rhododendron irroratum)> Form.Rhododendron delavayi > Form.Rhododendron irroratum;2) The Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou's evenness index vary in the three levels of arbors,shrubs,and herbs in different communities,but the four diversity indexes are the lowest in the Form.Rhododendron irroratum;3) Among the four communities,only the Form.Rhododendron delavayi was stable,and the community of mixed forest (Form.Castanea seguinii+Quercus fabri) was the most unstable.Among the different levels of each community,the most unstable is the herb layer of the Form.Rhododendron irroratum.

A Dynamic Assessment of Forest Fire Risk on Stand Scale

WU Mingshan, Zhou Ruliang, ZHANG Mingsha, YE Jiangxia

2020,(2):  126-134.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.019

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Dynamic assessment of potential fire risk in subcompartment scale of forest stand plays an important role in the application of fire prevention and management practice.Fire risk of tapping and no tapping forest stand of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis in Lincang city was conducted with fire accessibility,dead fuel load,stand flammability,and surface moisture gradient,aspect based on national rating system BHX,static fire risk SHX and dynamic fire risk DHX respectively.With the support of geographic information system (GIS),the dynamic change pattern of fire risk caused by the increase of fuel load and flammability and the density of fire ignition was mapped,and the reasons for the drastic change of forest fire risk level were discussed.The results show that all forest stand have the consistent values of high fire rating BHX.When accounting the variation of forest fuel condition,the static fire risk of no tapping stand is quite different,mostly at high fire risk.While tapping activities make forest stand fire risk increase in different degree,forest fire danger rating is mainly concentrated in severely high as fire risk rise ratio greater than 25% takes more than 60% forest stand.Excessively and non-standard tapping is the key point of forest fire risk increased.Forest stand is the basic unit of forest management activities,and the fire risk assessment is refined to the small scale of forest stand under different management levels,so the study has certain reference value for fire risk assessment under basic forest fire management and other measurement.

Location Selection Methods of Mountain Forest Fire Monitoring Points Based on Terrain Analysis

WANG Yanjuan, ZHANG Jiayu, HOU Jingwei

2020,(2):  135-140.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.020

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The forest fire monitoring points with reasonable layout can cover the monitoring area with a small number of probes to find the fire in time and determine the fire location.Taking Helan Mountain Nature Reserve in Xixia district,Yinchuan city,Ningxia Hui autonomous region as the research object,based on the visibility analysis method of geographic information system (GIS),20 monitoring sites were selected and arranged in order and priority according to the influence degree of slope,slope direction and elevation on fire occurrence.The results show that 67% of the forest area can be detected by a reasonable fire monitoring site.Through the research and analysis,it is expected to provide a reference for the scientific and rational deployment of forest fire monitoring points and forestry management.

Analysis on the Potential Distribution Area of Dendroctonus micans in Tibet

XIAO Yifa, WANG Mengjun, LI Xinyu, CHEN fei, WANG Jishan, ZHANG Haiwu, CIDAN Puchi

2020,(2):  141-145.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.021

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In order to prevent the further spread of Dendroctonus micans in Tibet,research was carried out to predict potential distribution of Dendroctonus micans in Tibet using the Maxent model as prediction model,and temperature and precipitation as environment variables,the prediction results are verified by the ROC curve.The results show that the potential distribution area of Dendroctonus micans is about 1/6 of the Tibet's total area,and distributed in southeastern and central Tibet,this result is basically consistent with the distribution of the host.The ROC curve test indicated that the prediction with Maxent model had a higher precision(AUC=0.97),and was credible.These provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control Dendroctonus micans and some effective measures must be taken to prevent its spread for the further.

Study on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Forest-based Healing and Recovery—Using Forests in Sichuan Province as an Example

WANG Zheng, YANG Xia

2020,(2):  146-153.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.022

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Forest-based healing and recovery(hereinafter referred to as "wellness") is an inevitable trend of forestry transformation and development and an inevitable way to achieve national health.Clarifying the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of forest-based wellness bases has important theoretical and practical significance.This paper uses the nearest neighbor distance method,geographical concentration index,Gini coefficient,and geographic detector to study the forest-based wellness base in Sichuan province.The conclusions are:the distribution of forest-based wellness bases in Sichuan province is uneven and the regional differences are large;the degree of concentration is high,showing a typical cohesive spatial distribution;the main factors affecting the distribution of forest-based wellness bases at different research scales are different.When using prefecture city as the research scale,the per capita GDP of prefecture city has a strong decisive force on the distribution of forest-based wellness bases.When the forest-based wellness area is used as the research scale,the number of A-level scenic spots in the forest-based wellness areas has the greatest correlation with the distribution of forest-based wellness bases.To this end,relevant suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of optimizing the location of the forest-based wellness base,expanding the content of the forest-based wellness base,and integrating the forest-based wellness resources in the province,so as to provide a reference for the high quality development of the forest-based wellness industry in Sichuan province.

An Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Loss and Restoration in the Severely Affected Areas of Wenchuan Earthquake

ZHU Jiatong, LIU Kai, WANG Ming, LIANG Xin

2020,(2):  154-160.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.023

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The 2008 Wenchuan M 8.0 earthquake has caused great damage to the local ecosystem.Based on satellite imagery from 2008 to 2018 and forest spatial distribution,this study assesses forest ecosystem services restoration in Hongxi River watershed in Pingwu county which was seriously hit by earthquake.The results show that Wenchuan earthquake has caused serious damage to the ecological environment of the study area and the economic value loss of forest ecosystem services reached 181 million Yuan in 2008.With the forest restoration over the past 10 years,the forest restoration generally shows a positive trend except for 2018 when larger losses were caused by extreme precipitation.The annual economic value loss of forest ecosystem services will remain around 50 to 60 million Yuan without human intervention.The overall economic value loss of forest ecosystem services over past 10 years is 12.44 billion Yuan with an annual average loss of 1.13 billion Yuan,in which the economic value of soil conservation and carbon fixation and oxygen production account for 75.9% in total.The restoration of forest ecosystem still needs long-term and systematic efforts.

Technical Application

The Development and Application of a Management Information System for Ancient or Rare Trees in Beijing

SUN Haining, SUN Yanli

2020,(2):  161-166.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.024

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According to the need of ancient or rare trees resource management in Beijing,this paper takes the development and application of ancient or rare trees management information system in Beijing as the main content,and completes the management information system of ancient or rare trees in Beijing based on Web.Through the key technologies of statistical analysis and network map,the system meets the needs of the development of information management of ancient or rare trees in Beijing,and realizes the information and fine management of ancient or rare trees in Beijing,it lays a foundation for better protecting ancient or rare trees resources and inheriting the history and culture of ancient or rare trees in Beijing.At the same time,the platform has realized the collection and mining of data related to ancient or rare trees,and is convenient for more scientific and systematic research on ancient or rare trees,it is of great significance to give full play to the important role of ancient or rare trees in the protection of historical and cultural cities and to promote the construction of ecological civilization in Beijing.

The Development and Application of Automatic Measurement System for Forest Canopy Closure

LIN Lili, HAO Zhenbang, YANG Liuqing, GAO Yangchi, LIU Yanfen, YU Kunyong, LIU Jian

2020,(2):  167-172.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.025

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The requirement of forestry information modernization is to obtain the forest canopy closure automatically and quickly.In order to calculate canopy closure quickly and cheaply,an automatic measurement system was designed.The system was developed by raspberry pie and algorithm programming,which had the function of field data collection and remote information management.Canopy closure value was extracted using ring-cutting and binarization image processing technology.It avoided the complex fisheye lens distortion correction process.The system provides a visual interface,integrated raspberry pie,fisheye lens,battery and wireless router and so on,which makes it easy to operate.This study took Jinsiwan Forest Park,Sanming city as the study case.Canopy closure values determined using the automatic measurement system and look-up method,respectively.It showed that R² was 0.699 between the automatic measurement system and look-up method.The system is helpful for the rapid measurement of canopy closure and provides reference for the application and promotion.

Research Bulletin

Comparative Analysis of Regional Reliability of Globally Distributed Forest Products in China

LIU Daichao, LI Xiaosong, YANG Guangbin, QI Xinmiao, WANG Jianhe

2020,(2):  173-180.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.026

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Accurately grasping forest distribution and dynamic changes is the foundation of forest resource management.At present,a series of global forest distribution products based on earth observation data have been developed and widely used.However,the reliability of these products in China is still lacking a systematic evaluation.Based on the forest sample data of seven typical regions in China,three types of global forest distribution product data such as FROM-GLC10,FNF,and GFCM were compared and analyzed using indicators such as type area deviation and spatial consistency.The results show that:FROM-GLC10 data area consistency,spatial consistency is higher than FNF,GFCM data products;the reliability of the three data products in the southern region is better than the northern region;in the forest type,the arbor forest type in three data has the highest spatial consistency,but the product data of other types are different.Through analysis and discussion,in order to provide a reference for the selection and use of suitable global forest distribution data products in different regions of China.

Research Progress in the Monitoring of Forest Diseases, Insect and Pests Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Images

QI Xinglan, CAO Zuning, LIU Jian, CHEN Fang, ZHUANG Wei

2020,(2):  181-186.  doi:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2020.02.027

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Forest diseases,incect and pests are the main disasters of forests.Rapid and accurate monitoring of forest diseases,insect and pests is the key of pests and diseases control.Using satellite remote sensing image to monitor forest diseases,insect and pests is an economical and efficient means.To further strengthen the research and practice of remote sensing monitoring of forest diseases,insect and pests,the present situation of domestic and foreign research on the monitor of forest diseases,insect and pests with remote sensing images was comprehensively analyzed.On this basis,the main technical methods of monitoring forest diseases and insect pests by satellite remote sensing image are summarized systematically,and the main problems and research future are analyzed deeply.Research result shows the following three main problems existing in the studies of remote sensing monitoring forest diseases,insect and pests,including:(1) insufficient research on high spatial resolution image;(2) inadequate mining on image texture information;(3) challenge in remote sensing monitoring of leaf loss.This paper puts forward four countermeasures and suggestions in view of the above main problems,including:(1) comprehensive application of multi-source remote sensing data;(2) to enhance image processing technology;(3) to strengthen the use of pest habitat factors;(4)construction of remote sensing monitoring system platform for diseases and pests,etc.